湖泊沉积物-水界面氮磷营养盐通量交换的影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Nutrient Flux Exchange at the Sediment Water Interface of Lakes

作　　者：王赞春 谢培 孙宁 陈聪聪 刘成真 陈立斌 Wang Zanchun;Xie Pei;Sun Ning;Chen Congcong;Liu Chengzhen;Chen Libin(College of Resources and Environment,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,Hubei,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of River and Ocean Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [3]重庆交通大学河海学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《绿色科技》2025年第2期195-205,227,共12页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2023YFC3205901)。

摘　　要：湖泊是生态多样性极为丰富的生态系统,其湖底沉积物是氮磷等营养盐的重要蓄积库,氮磷是水体富营养化的标志性指标。湖泊沉积物氮磷释放的加剧,已成为推动水体富营养化的重要源头之一。因此,沉积物-水界面上的氮磷扩散现象受到学术界的日益关注与深入研究。目前,国内外测定氮磷通量常用的方法包括间隙水浓度梯度法、实验培养法、现场原位测定法以及质量平衡法。沉积物-水界面上的氮磷交换过程受到多种环境因素的复杂影响,如温度、溶解氧(DO)浓度、pH值、水动力条件、生物扰动、底泥粒径、有机质含量和水生植物分布等。这些因素共同作用,影响沉积物-水界面的氮磷交换过程,从而影响湖泊的水体富营养化。因此,深入探究影响湖泊内沉积物氮磷释放的因素非常重要。这不仅有助于更好地理解湖泊生态系统的运作机制,还能为制定有效的水体富营养化防控策略提供科学依据。Lakes are ecosystems with extremely rich ecological diversity,and their bottom sediments are important reservoirs of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus,which are indicative indicators of eutrophication in water bodies.The intensification of nitrogen and phosphorus releasing from lake sediments has become one of the important sources driving eutrophication of water bodies.Therefore,the diffusion of nitrogen and phosphorus at the sediment water interface has received increasing attention and in-depth research from the academic community.At present,the commonly used methods for measuring nitrogen and phosphorus flux both domestically and internationally include the interstitial water concentration gradient method,experimental cultivation method,on-site in-situ measurement method,and mass balance method.The nitrogen and phosphorus exchange process at the sediment water interface is influenced by various environmental factors,such as temperature,dissolved oxygen(DO)concentration,pH value,hydrodynamic conditions,biological disturbances,sediment particle size,organic matter content,and distribution of aquatic plants.These factors work together to affect the nitrogen and phosphorus exchange process at the sediment water interface,thereby affecting the eutrophication of lake water bodies.Therefore,it is very important to explore in depth the factors that affect the release of nitrogen and phosphorus from sediment in lakes,which not only helps to better understand the operational mechanisms of lake ecosystems,but also provides scientific basis for developing effective strategies for preventing and controlling eutrophication of water bodies.

关 键 词：湖泊 水体富营养化 沉积物-水界面 氮磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]