马铃薯薯皮中龙葵素提取方法的优化研究  

Optimization study on extraction methods of solanine in the potato peel

作　　者：聂利珍 郝雅婷 常悦 席先梅 郭俊婷 王瑞刚[2] NIE Lizhen;HAO Yating;CHANG Yue;XI Xianmei;GUO Junting;WANG Ruigang(Institute of Biotechnology,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Key Laboratory of Plants Adversity Adaptation and Genetic Improvement in Cold and Arid Regions of Inner Mongolia,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Bayannur Development Center of Modern Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Business,Bayannur 015000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院生物技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]内蒙古农业大学旱寒区植物逆境适应与遗传修饰改良自治区重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]巴彦淖尔市现代农牧事业发展中心,内蒙古巴彦淖尔015000

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2024年第6期47-59,共13页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2024MS03036);内蒙古农牧业创新基金项目(2022CXJJN07)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立马铃薯薯皮中龙葵素的高效提取方法,探索马铃薯薯皮在植物源农药方面的应用价值和前景,为综合利用龙葵素作为植物源农药提供科学依据。【方法】以马铃薯薯皮作为试验材料,比较、优化超声波结合生物酶提取法、酸性酶溶液提取法、超声波辅助提取法、酸水提取法4种提取龙葵素主要成分的方法,利用单因素试验和响应面分析中的Box-Behnken试验设计法对提取方法进行优化分析,建立超声波结合生物酶提取龙葵素的方法。【结果】4种不同提取龙葵素的方法中,提取效率由高到低依次为超声波结合生物酶提取法>酸性酶溶液提取法>超声波辅助提取法>酸水提取法,其中超声波结合生物酶提取法的龙葵素提取量最高,α-卡茄碱的含量为8.949 mg/g DW、α-茄碱的含量为8.058 mg/g DW,提取率达到0.850%。根据响应面分析结果,建立优化后的回归方程模型(Y总含量=2.64-0.56×A-0.31×B+0.20×C+0.19×AB-0.11×AC+0.53×BC-0.74×A2-0.59×B2-0.50×C2),以总含量最大值为优化目标,得到预测的最优条件为加酶量为1.30%、酶解时间为1.35 h、乙醇体积分数为70.40%,在该条件下实际龙葵素提取物总含量为3.149 mg/g DW,与预测值总含量2.814 mg/g DW相差在5%范围内,证实了预测值和试验值之间的良好相关性。【结论】首次建立了超声波结合生物酶提取马铃薯薯皮中龙葵素的方法,响应面分析优化得到的最佳提取方法较为合理,该方法提取效率较高,可用于龙葵素的工业化提取。【Objective】To establish an efficient extraction method for solanine from potato peel,explore the application value and prospect of potato peel in plant-derived pesticides,and provide scientific evidence for the comprehensive utilization of solanine as a plant-derived pesticide.【Methods】Potato peel was used as the experimental material.Ultrasound-combined enzyme extraction method,acid enzyme solution extraction method,ultrasound-assisted extraction method,and acid water extraction method,four extraction methods for main component of solanine were compared and optimized.Single-factor experiments and the Box-Behnken experimental design from response surface analysis were used to optimize the extraction methods.The ultrasound-combined enzyme extraction method was optimized for solanine extraction.【Results】Among the four extraction methods,the extraction efficiency from high to low was ultrasound-combined enzyme extraction method>acid enzyme solution extraction method > ultrasound-assisted extraction method > acid water extraction method. Among them,the content of solanine extract by ultrasound-combined enzyme extraction method was the highest,with α-chaconine at 8.949 mg/g DW and α-solanine at 8.058 mg/g DW,the extraction rate reached 0.850%. Based on the response surface analysis,the optimized regression equation model was established(YTotal content=2.64-0.56×A-0.31×B+0.20×C+0.19×AB-0.11×AC+0.53×BC-0.74×A2-0.59×B2-0.50×C2). With the maximum total content as the optimization objective,the optimal conditions were predicted to be enzyme amount at 1.30%,enzymatic hydrolysis time of 1.35 h,and ethanol volume fraction of 70.40%. Under these conditions,the actual total content of solanine extract was 3.149 mg/g DW,the difference with the predicted total content of 2.814 mg/g DW was within 5%,confirming a good correlation between the predicted value and experimental values.【Conclusion】The method of extracting solanine from potato peel by ultrasound-combined enzyme extraction method was established

关 键 词：马铃薯薯皮 龙葵素 超声波结合生物酶提取法 响应面分析 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学] O657.5[理学—分析化学]