辣椒秸秆原位还田方式对土壤细菌和真菌群落结构及多样性的影响  

Effect of bacterial and fungi community structure and diversity in soil of differentin-situ returning methods of pepper straw

作　　者：薛国萍 杜金伟 白红梅 吴慧玲 李茂营 姜伟 刘景秀 杨贤举 宋庆成 郇志荣 XUE Guoping;DU Jinwei;BAI Hongmei;WU Huiling;LI Maoying;JIANG Wei;LIU Jingxiu;YANG Xianju;SONG Qingcheng;HUAN Zhirong(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China;Chifeng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Chifeng 024001,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Ningcheng County,Ningcheng 024218,China;Chifeng Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Comprehensive Inspection and Testing Center,Chifeng 024099,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [2]北京市农林科学院,北京100097 [3]赤峰市农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古赤峰024001 [4]宁城县农牧局,内蒙古宁城024218 [5]赤峰市农牧业综合检验检测中心,内蒙古赤峰024099

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2024年第6期94-105,共12页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFDZ0052,2023KJHZ0030);内蒙古自治区农牧业科技转移转化资金项目(2024TG10)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究辣椒秸秆不同原位还田方式对土壤细菌和真菌群落结构和多样性的影响。【方法】以辣椒秸秆为试验材料,设置不还田(CK)、秸秆原位还田(C1)、秸秆原位还田+秸秆腐熟菌剂(C2)、秸秆原位还田+石灰氮(C3)4个处理,采用Illumina Mi Seq测序平台对土壤细菌和真菌进行16S r RNA和ITS高通量测序分析。【结果】3种秸秆原位还田方式均可显著降低土壤有效磷含量(P<0.05)、显著增加土壤pH值(P<0.05);C1、C2处理显著降低了土壤全氮、碱解氮含量和电导率(P<0.05);C1处理显著增加了土壤全磷、速效钾含量(P<0.05);C2处理显著降低了土壤速效钾含量(P<0.05),显著增加了土壤有机质含量(P<0.05);C3处理显著增加了土壤全氮、全磷、速效钾、有机质含量和电导率(P<0.05)。不同处理优势细菌属(相对丰度≥5%)为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、S0134_terrestrial_group、Longimicrobiaceae,C3处理Longimicrobiaceae相对丰度显著增加(P<0.05)。不同处理优势真菌属(相对丰度≥5%)为被孢霉属(Mortierella)、锥盖伞属(Conocybe)、毛壳菌属(Chaetomium)、Myriococcum、陡盖菌属(Clitopilus)、斑褶菇属(Panaeolus)、腐质霉属(Humicola)。C1处理毛壳菌属、Myriococcum、陡盖菌属相对丰度增加,被孢霉属、锥盖伞属、腐质霉属相对丰度降低;C2处理被孢霉属、毛壳菌属、斑褶菇属相对丰度增加,锥盖伞属、Myriococcum、腐质霉属相对丰度降低;C3处理锥盖伞属、毛壳菌属相对丰度增加,被孢霉属、Myriococcum、腐质霉属相对丰度降低。【结论】辣椒秸秆不同原位还田方式不同程度地影响了土壤微生物群落结构和理化性质,秸秆原位还田+秸秆腐熟菌剂、秸秆原位还田+石灰氮处理效果优于直接秸秆原位还田处理。【Objective】To explore the effects of different in-situ returning methods of pepper straw on the structure and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities in soil.【Methods】Taking pepper straw as test materials,a field experiment was performed on the four treatments:non-straw returning(CK),in-situ straw returning(C1),in-situ straw returning+straw decomposition agent(C2),and in-situ straw returning+lime-nitrogen(C3). The Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform was used to conduct 16S rRNA and ITS high-throughput sequencing of soil bacteria and fungi.【Results】All the three in-situ straw returning methods significantly reduced the soil available phosphorus content(P<0.05) and significantly increased the soil pH value(P<0.05). C1 and C2 treatments significantly reduced soil total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content and electrical conductivity(P<0.05). C1 treatment significantly increased soil total phosphorus,and available potassium content(P<0.05). C2 treatment significantly reduced soil available potassium content(P<0.05) and significantly increased soil organic matter content(P<0.05). C3 treatment significantly increased soil total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available potassium, organic matter content and electrical conductivity(P<0.05). The dominant bacterial genera(relative abundance≥5%) identified by different treatments were Sphingomonas,S0134_terrestrial_group,Longimicrobiaceae,and C3 treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of Longimicrobiaceae(P<0.05). The dominant fungal genera(relative abundance≥5%) identified by different treatments were Mortierella,Conocybe,Chaetomium,Myriococcum,Clitopilus,Panaeolus and Humicola. C1 treatment increased the relative abundance of Chaetomium,Myriococcum and Clitopilus,and decreased the relative abundance of Mortierella,Conocybe and Humicola. C2 treatment increased the relative abundance of Mortierella,Chaetomium and Panaeolus,and reduced the relative abundance of Conocybe,Myriococcum and Humicola. C3 treatment increased the relative abu

关 键 词：辣椒秸秆 原位还田 土壤 细菌 真菌 群落结构 群落多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S141.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]