热带亚热带裸子植物苏铁与木本被子植物叶性状差异研究  

Study on the differences in leaf traits between tropical-subtropical cycad gymnosperms and woody angiosperms

作　　者：赵英梅 卢思雨 谢强华 黄冬柳 万春燕 杨泉光 蒙奕奕 吴虹佳 朱师丹[1] Zhao Yingmei;Lu Siyu;Xie Qianghua;Huang Dongliu;Wan Chunyan;Yang Quanguang;Meng Yiyi;Wu Hongjia;Zhu Shidan(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Nanning Qingxiushan Tourism Development Co.,Ltd,Nanning Botanical Garden,Nanning 530029,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science,Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences,Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Guangxi Academy of Marine Science(Guangxi Mangrove Research Center),Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]南宁植物园,南宁青秀山风景名胜旅游开发有限责任公司,南宁530029 [3]广西科学院,广西近海海洋环境科学重点实验室,南宁530007 [4]广西海洋科学院(广西红树林研究中心),南宁530007

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2025年第1期11-20,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32171502);广西自然科学基金项目(2023GXNSFFA026008);2021年青秀山管委会科学研究项目(QXS2021-05)。

摘　　要：苏铁类(Cycads)植物是现存最古老的种子植物,主要分布在热带亚热带地区,且绝大部分处于濒危状态。本研究分析了南宁植物园苏铁分类园的28种苏铁类植物的叶(羽片)形态解剖特征和水分关系性状,同时收集79种热带亚热带森林乔木的叶性状数据进行了比较分析。结果显示:(1)与被子植物相比,苏铁类植物的叶片较厚,饱和含水量(SWC)较高,耐失水能力(Ψ_(tlp))较强,比叶面积(SLA)及气孔密度(SD)均较低。但两个类群的叶肉组织厚度(MT)差异不显著。(2)被子植物叶性状网络的边缘密度(Edge density)显著高于苏铁类植物,而直径、平均路径长度显著低于苏铁类植物。说明热带亚热带地区被子植物性状间的关联性更强,有利于高效利用有限资源。(3)与被子植物不同,苏铁类植物的SLA、Ψ_(tlp)均与SWC解耦,表明苏铁类植物可能更依赖于根系的水分吸收或茎的存储,而不是通过叶片的物理特性进行精细调节。Cycads,the oldest living seed plants,are primarily distributed in tropical and subtropical regions and are critically endangered.Comparative analysis of leaf traits between tropical-subtropical gymnosperm cycads and woody angiosperms offers valuable insights into the ecological strategies of cycad species.This study measured the morphological,anatomical,and hydraulic characteristics of leaves (pinnae) from 28 cycad species in the Nanning Botanical Garden.In addition,leaf traits of 79 tropical-subtropical forest tree species were compiled for comparative analysis.Results showed that:(1) Compared to angiosperms,cycads exhibited thicker leaves,higher saturated water content (SWC),stronger resistance to water loss (Ψ_(tlp)),and lower specific leaf area (SLA) and stomatal density (SD).However,the differences in leaf tissue thickness(MT) between the two taxa were not significant.(2) The network edge density (ED) of leaf traits in angiosperms was significantly higher than in cycads,while angiosperms showed lower network diameter and average path length.This indicates stronger correlations among angiosperm traits,facilitating more efficient resource utilization in tropical and subtropical environments.(3) Unlike angiosperms,SLA and Ψ_(tlp) in cycads were decoupled from SWC,suggesting that cycads rely more on water uptake through root systems or storage in stems rather than fine-tuning leaf physical properties for water regulation.This study highlights the variability and diversity of adaptive strategies across plant taxa and provides insights into the unique ecological adaptations of cycads in tropical and subtropical environments.

关 键 词：苏铁类 功能性状 抗旱性 性状网络 生态策略 

分 类 号：S791.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]