大头茶属3种植物天然居群的叶表型性状特征研究  

Characterization of leaf phenotypic traits in natural populations of three Polyspora species

作　　者：杨建欣 龚买玉 马长乐 樊智丰[2] 高灿[1,2] 王李娟 邓莉兰 Yang Jianxin;Gong Maiyu;Ma Changle;Fan Zhifeng;Gao Can;Wang Lijuan;Deng Lilan(Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of In-forest Resource,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China(Southwest Forestry University),Kunming 650224,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Southwest Research Center for Engineering Technology of Landscape Architecture(State Foresty and Grassland Administration),Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室,西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,云南省林下资源保护与利用重点实验室(西南林业大学),昆明650224 [2]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650224 [3]国家林业和草原局西南风景园林工程技术研究中心,昆明650224

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2025年第1期21-31,共11页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：西南山地森林资源保育与利用教育部重点实验室、西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室、云南省林下资源保护与利用重点实验室开放课题项目(LXXK-2023M05);云南省农业联合专项重点项目(202301BD070001-150)。

摘　　要：以大头茶属(Polyspora)3种植物的10个天然居群为研究对象,通过多重比较、巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析等方法,对11个叶表型性状的变异规律进行研究。结果显示:(1)叶表型性状在居群内和居群间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01),平均变异系数为17.03%,不同性状的变异幅度为0.05%~31.37%。叶表型性状在居群内和居群间的方差分量均值分别为180.79和82.63,表明叶表型性状分化程度为居群内高于居群间。(2)叶宽、叶柄长、叶面积、叶基角、叶圆度和叶柄指数为叶表型变异的主导因素;各表型性状之间存在明显的相关性,环境因子对大头茶属植物叶表型性状变异的影响很大;基于叶表型性状可将10个居群分为3类。研究结果可为大头茶属植物的适应性进化和开发利用提供理论依据。Leaf phenotypic variation among 10 populations of three Polyspora species was analyzed using multiple comparisons,nested variance analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),and cluster analysis.Results revealed:(1)Significant differences in leaf phenotypic traits both within and among Polyspora populations(P<0.01).The average coefficient of variation was 17.03%,with trait-specific variation ranging from 0.05%to 31.37%.Mean variance components for leaf traits were higher within populations(180.79)than among populations(82.63),indicating greater differentiation within populations.(2)Dominant contributors to phenotypic variation included leaf width,petiole length,leaf area,leaf base angle,leaf roundness,and petiole index.Significant correlations among leaf traits were identified,highlighting the strong influence of environmental factors on leaf phenotypic variation.Cluster analysis grouped the 10 populations into three distinct groups based on leaf phenotypic traits.The results provide valuable insights into the adaptive evolution and exploitation of Polyspora species.

关 键 词：叶性状 天然居群 表型变异 环境因子 大头茶属 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]