东寨港自然保护区不同潮位下海莲群落特征及种群动态的比较研究  

Comparative study on the community characteristics and population dynamics of Bruguiera sexangula(Lour.)Poiret at different intertidal elevations in Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve

作　　者：龙奕帆 田梦洁 叶冰冰 李梦琦 李大东 杨帆[1,3] Long Yifan;Tian Mengjie;Ye Bingbing;Li Mengqi;Li Dadong;Yang Fan(School of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;School of Life and Health Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province,Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学生态学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学生命健康学院,海口570228 [3]海南省生态环境修复工程中心,海南省农林环境过程与生态调控重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2025年第1期72-81,共10页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ054);中国博士后科学基金项目(2023M730895);海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(324QN197)。

摘　　要：为了解不同生境下海莲(Bruguiera sexangula(Lour.)Poiret)的群落特征和种群动态变化,合理利用与保护现有红树资源,对海南东寨港国家级自然保护区不同潮位下海莲的群落特征、年龄结构、分布格局、静态生命表以及生存函数等进行了研究。结果显示:(1)海莲为群落优势树种,群落的物种多样性指数、均匀度指数以及林分密度随潮位升高逐渐增加,而海莲的重要值、胸径、树高以及冠幅随潮位升高逐渐降低;(2)海莲种群在空间上呈现聚集分布格局,不同潮位的龄级结构分布不同,低潮位种群为“凸”型而中高潮位种群为倒“J”型;(3)海莲种群的存活曲线在不同潮位上存在差异,低潮位植株死亡率在各龄级中相近,为Deevey-Ⅱ型,中高潮位植株死亡率在低龄级阶段高,在高龄级阶段相对稳定,为Deevey-Ⅲ型;(4)不同潮位海莲种群的生存率和累计死亡率函数平衡点均在幼苗阶段,第Ⅴ龄级后各潮位生存函数曲线的变化幅度变小。因此,不同潮位下海莲的群落特征和种群动态有明显差异。研究结果为该区域红树植物的保护及优化管理提供了重要的基础数据。Understanding how intertidal elevation influences the community characteristics and population dynamics of Bruguiera sexangula(Lour.)Poiret is essential for the effective conservation and sustainable management of mangrove ecosystems.This study investigated variations in community characteristics,age structure,spatial distribution pattern,static life-table parameters,and survival functions of B.sexangula along an intertidal gradient in the Hainan Dongzhaigang National Nature Reserve.Results showed the following key findings:(1)B.sexangula was the dominant species in the community.Species diversity,Pielou index,and stand density increased with increasing intertidal elevation,while the importance value,diameter at breast height,tree height,and crown width of B.sexangula decreased.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of B.sexangula exhibited significant clumping.The diameter distribution exhibited a convex-shaped pattern at low intertidal elevations and an inverted J-shaped pattern at both mid and high intertidal elevations.(3)Survival curves varied with intertidal elevation.Low intertidal zones exhibited a Deevey TypeⅡcurve,while mid and high intertidal elevations showed Deevey TypeⅢcurves.(4)The equilibrium points of survival and cumulative mortality functions occurred during the seedling stage across all intertidal elevations,and the magnitude of changes in the survival function curves at each intertidal elevation decreased after ageⅤ.These findings demonstrate that intertidal elevation strongly affects the community characteristics and population dynamics of B.sexangula.This study provides critical baseline data for the protection and optimized management of mangrove ecosystems,particularly in regions experiencing dynamic intertidal changes.

关 键 词：海莲 潮间带 群落特征 种群分布 生存函数 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]