喷施诱导的基因沉默技术在植物真菌病害绿色防控中的应用  

Research progress on spray-induced gene silencing technology in the field of plant fungal disease control

作　　者：苏琦雅 钟彩虹[1] 徐永平 刘德江[2] 李黎[1] Su Qiya;Zhong Caihong;Xu Yongping;Liu Dejiang;Li Li(Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture,Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology,Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;College of Biology and Agriculture,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007,China;Taishun Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning,Taishun,Zhejiang 325500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院植物种质创新与特色农业重点实验室,中国科学院猕猴桃产业技术工程实验室,武汉430074 [2]佳木斯大学生物与农业学院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [3]泰顺县自然资源和规划局,浙江泰顺325500

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2025年第1期134-142,共9页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32272506,31901980);湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0076);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：喷施诱导的基因沉默(Spray-induced gene silencing,SIGS)技术是基于植物-病菌分子互作机理,以跨界RNAi技术为基础,通过在植物表面喷施靶向沉默病菌致病基因的核酸试剂,提升植物防病能力,抵御病害侵染的高效绿色植物病害防控技术。该技术具备靶向性强、防效高、环境兼容性好、开发简便等诸多优势,有望大幅度替换化学农药的使用,对国家可持续农业的健康发展具有重大战略意义。本文阐明了SIGS技术的原理,总结了近年来该技术在植物真菌病害防控方面的应用进展,介绍了多种可提升SIGS效率的递送系统,并针对该技术的发展瓶颈问题和应用前景进行了分析和展望。Spray-induced gene silencing(SIGS)is an innovative and sustainable plant disease control technology that leverages the mechanisms of plant-pathogen molecular interactions and cross-kingdom RNA interference(RNAi).By applying nucleic acid reagents designed to target and silence pathogenic genes onto plant surfaces,SIGS enhances plant resistance to pathogens.This technology offers several advantages,including high specificity,exceptional prevention efficiency,environmental compatibility,and simple development.SIGS holds the potential to significantly reduce reliance on chemical fungicides,representing strategic advancement for sustainable agriculture.This paper elucidates the underlying principles of SIGS technology,summarizes the recent applications of SIGS in plant fungal disease control,introduces various delivery systems that enhance its efficiency,and discusses current challenges and future prospects for its broader implementation.

关 键 词：喷施诱导的基因沉默 真菌病害 递送系统 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]