下肢骨折深静脉血栓形成的发病机制和危险因素研究进展  

Advances in the pathogenesis and risk factors of deep vein thrombosis in lower extremity fractures

作　　者：邓鑫 苏云[1] 富雨田 张浩淳 张永昆 王洪勋[1] DENG Xin;SU Yun;FU Yutian;ZHANG Haochun;ZHANG Yongkun;WANG Hongxun(Department of Trauma Orthopedics,Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University,Dalian,Liaoning 116000,China)

机构地区：[1]大连大学附属中山医院创伤骨科,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《中国临床研究》2025年第2期182-185,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Research

摘　　要：下肢骨折是一种常见的临床病症,显著影响患者的日常生活和工作。这类患者通常伴随静脉壁损伤、血流缓慢及血液高凝状态等深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的主要危险因素,因此,DVT的发生率较高。如果未能及时进行预防和干预,DVT可能导致血栓脱落并进入肺动脉,从而引发肺栓塞,对患者生命构成严重威胁。因此深入了解DVT的发病机制及其危险因素至关重要。基于上述情况,本文综述了下肢骨折相关DVT的发病机制与危险因素,以期为临床医生在早期识别及治疗DVT提供参考。Lower extremity fracture is a common clinical condition that significantly affects patients'daily activities and work.These patients are often accompanied by major risk factors for deep vein thrombosis(DVT),such as venous wall injury,slow blood flow,and a hypercoagulable state.As a result,the incidence of DVT is high in this population.If prevention and intervention are not promptly implemented,DVT can lead to thromboembolism,which may travel to the pulmonary artery,resulting in pulmonary embolism and posing a serious threat to the patient's life.Therefore,it is crucial to gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis and risk factors of DVT.This review summarizes the mechanisms and risk factors associated with DVT in lower extremity fractures,aiming to provide reference for clinicians in the early identification and management of DVT.

关 键 词：下肢骨折 深静脉血栓形成 发病机制 危险因素 血液淤滞 静脉损伤 高凝状态 麻醉 止血带 

分 类 号：R687.3[医药卫生—骨科学]