北京市朝阳区猴痘病例临床及流行病学特征分析  

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics analysis of mpox cases in Chaoyang District,Beijing

作　　者：林杨 吴钶[1] 齐啸[1] 窦相峰[2] 高彦杰[1] 黄晨铭 张鼎言 张烨 张芳蕾[1] 孙于淳 韩柏慧[1] LIN Yang;WU Ke;QI Xiao;DOU Xiangfeng;GAO Yanjie;HUANG Chenming;ZHANG Dingyan;ZHANG Ye;ZHANG Fanglei;SUN Yuchun;HAN Baihui(Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100021,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021 [2]北京市疾病预防控制中心传染病与地方病控制所 [3]厦门大学公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2025年第1期83-87,共5页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2021年度北京市重大疫情防治重点专科项目。

摘　　要：目的分析北京市朝阳区猴痘病例流行病学和临床特征,为猴痘防控提供参考。方法选取中国疾病预防控制信息系统2023年5月31日—9月19日报告的猴痘实验室诊断病例,采用横断面调查方法收集和分析猴痘病例基本情况、流行病学史、临床特征和实验室检测结果等。采用t检验或方差分析分析不同人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染状态或性行为角色病例潜伏期、皮疹持续时间;采用Wilcoxon检验或Kruskal-Wallis H检验分析猴痘病例出现症状至就诊时间间隔、出疹个数差异;χ^(2)检验或Fisher确切概率法分析猴痘病例的临床特征及猴痘病例首诊医院上报率差异。结果102例猴痘病例年龄17~54岁,其中男性101例,女性1例;男性患者中98例为男男同性性行为人群,学生3例(2.94%)。50例既往感染HIV。95例近21 d有性行为史。传染病专科医院的首诊报告率65.45%(36/55)高于非传染病综合医院/专科医院34.55%(19/55),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.232,P<0.01)。病例出现症状至就诊时间间隔为4(2,6)d。猴痘病例平均潜伏期为(8.87±5.20)d。非HIV感染者猴痘病例皮疹个数及四肢皮疹比例均高于HIV感染者,差异有统计学意义(W=874,χ^(2)=7.123,P<0.05)。性行为角色为插入方的病例淋巴结肿大比例高于被插入方(P=0.004),而仅被插入方及双重角色者存在肛周脓肿症状,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市朝阳区猴痘病毒感染高危人群仍为男男同性性行为人群,性行为密切接触为主要传播途径,日常密切接触也存在传播风险。应加强重点地区高危人群开展猴痘健康教育宣传,加强综合医院医生的培训。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of mpox cases in Chaoyang District,Beijing,and provide a reference for the prevention and control of mpox.Methods A cross-sectional survey method was used to collect basic information,epidemiology,clinical characteristics,laboratory test results,and other information on mpox cases reported by the national disease reporting information system from May 31,2023 to September 19,2023.The t-test or analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in the incubation period and rash duration of mpox with different human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection status or sexual roles.The Wilcoxon test or Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to analyze the differences in the interval from the onset of symptoms to the visit and the number of rashes of the cases.The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences in the clinical characteristics of mpox cases and the reporting rate of cases in the first-visit report rate.Results The age range of 102 cases of mpox is between 17 and 54 years old,with 101 males and one female.Among the male patients,98 cases were men who have sex with men,and 3 cases were students cases had previously been infected with HIV.Among the cases,95 cases had sexual activity 21 d before the onset of the disease.The first-visit report rate(65.45%,36/55)of the specialized hospitals for infectious diseases is higher than that of non-specialized hospitals for infectious diseases(34.55%,19/55)(χ^(2)=18.232,P<0.01).The interval from the onset of symptoms to the visit of the case is 4(2,6)d.The average incubation period of mpox cases is(8.87±5.20)d.The number of rash cases and the proportion of limb rash cases in non-HIV-infected individuals with mpox were higher than those in HIV-infected individuals(W=874,χ^(2)=7.123,P<0.05).The proportion of lymph node enlargement in cases with exclusively insertive roles was significantly higher than in cases with sexual roles of receptive(P=0.004).In contrast,only sexual role

关 键 词：猴痘 临床表现 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R183.7[医药卫生—流行病学] R511[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]