多目标碎片捕获的航天器轨道机动建模仿真与规划  

The Modeling,Simulation,and Planning of Multi-Target Debris Capture Spacecraft Orbital Maneuvers

作　　者：朱汉青 时万彬 宋柯颖 ZHU Hanqing;SHI Wanbin;SONG Keying(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,School of Information Engineering,Zhengzhou Henan 450045,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学信息工程学院,河南郑州450045

出　　处：《长江信息通信》2025年第1期46-49,共4页Changjiang Information & Communications

摘　　要：空间碎片数量的不断增加,导致在轨航天器碰撞事件频发,通过航天器主动捕获清除可减少此类事件发生。在航天器主动清除碎片的任务中,航天器需要通过轨道机动达到与碎片交会才能实施碎片捕获清除,分析此过程中的航天器的轨道变化特性建立双脉冲轨道机动模型并进行轨道机动仿真。在此模型的基础上,分析在多目标碎片捕获过程中实施轨道机动的速度增量消耗,采用遗传算法对航天器在多目标碎片捕获过程中的轨道机动序列寻优,以最小化在整个捕获过程中航天器实施轨道机动消耗的总速度增量。通过对航天器在多目标碎片捕获过程中的轨道机动建模仿真以及轨道机动序列的优化,为研究人员在多目标碎片捕获场景中对航天器制定最小速度增量消耗的机动序列提供参考依据。The increasing amount of space debris has led to frequent collision incidents with spacecraft in orbit.Active capture and removal of space debris by spacecraft can reduce such incidents.In these active debris removal missions,spacecraft need to perform orbital maneuvers to rendezvous with debris for capture and removal.By analyzing the orbital changes during this process,a bi-impulse orbital maneuver model is established and simulated.Based on this model,the delta-v consumption for orbital maneuvers during multi-target debris capture is analyzed.A genetic algorithm is then employed to optimize the sequence of orbital maneuvers for the spacecraft during multi-target debris capture,finding the optimal maneuver sequence to minimize the total delta-v consumption throughout the entire capture process.By modeling and simulating the orbital maneuvers and optimizing the maneuver sequence for spacecraft during multi-target debris capture,this study provides a reference for researchers to develop maneuver sequences with minimal delta-v consumption for spacecraft in multi-target debris capture scenarios.

关 键 词：空间碎片 Lambert变轨 速度增量 遗传算法 脉冲机动 仿真 

分 类 号：TP393[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]