山西壶关县草本药用植物生态位特征及种间联结性  

Niche characteristics and interspecific association of herbaceous medicinal plants in Huguan County,Shanxi,China

作　　者：郝嘉鑫 金山[2,3] 铁军 HAO Jiaxin;JIN Shan;TIE Jun(College of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030032,China;Department of Life Sciences,Changzhi University,Changzhi 046011,Shanxi,China;Ecological and Environmental Research Institute of Taihang Mountain,Changzhi 046011,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,太原030032 [2]长治学院生命科学系,山西长治046011 [3]太行山生态与环境研究所,山西长治046011

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第2期493-501,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：山西省教育厅高等学校教学改革创新项目(Z2021050);教育部首批新文科研究与改革实践项目(2021090024)资助。

摘　　要：生态位特征和种间联结对了解植物群落的结构和分类以及判断群落稳定性和群落发展趋势具有重要意义。以山西长治市壶关县22个优势野生草本药用植物为研究对象,采用Levins(BL)和Shannon(BS)生态位宽度指数以及Pianka生态位重叠指数(Oik),对研究区内的野生草本药用植物生态位特征进行分析;基于2×2列联表,利用种间联结系数(AC)、Jaccard指数(JD)、Ochiai指数(OI)、χ^(2)检验以及Pearson相关系数检验等方法,对研究区内的野生草本药用植物种间联结性进行分析。结果表明:(1)在22种药用植物中,生态位宽度指数(BL)最大的为地榆(63.369),其次为白莲蒿(58.276),最小的为黄芪(2.489);生态位宽度指数(BS)最大的为地榆(4.290),其次为沙参(4.247),最小的为黄芪(1.097);生态位重叠指数(Oik)最大的为刺儿菜与甘菊(0.562),其次为白莲蒿与阴行草(0.534),最小的重叠值为0,有112个。这说明,山西壶关县草本药用植物的生态位重叠程度整体较低,种间竞争不激烈,草本药用植物物种分布极为分散。(2)种间联结系数AC显示,在231个物种对中,有77个正联结种对,其中强正联结种对有11个,有154个负联结种对,其中强负联结有116个;种间联结χ^(2)检验显示,有77个正联结种对,其中极显著正联结有24个,有154个负联结种对,其中极显著负联结有7个;在Pearson相关系数中,有56个正联结种对,其中极显著正联结有17个,有175个负联结种对,其中极显著负联结有8个。(3)综合AC系数、JD指数、OI指数、χ^(2)检验和Pearson相关系数来看,壶关县药用植物种对中,负联结种对多于正联结种对,不显著联结的种对数多于显著联结的种对数,这表明壶关县野生草本药用植物种对间相似度较低,物种表现出独立分布的特征,容易受到外界干扰。总体而言,壶关县野生草本药用植物资源丰富,物种出现较为随机,种间竞争较弱,物种独立性较强,受到外界�The niche characteristics and interspecific associations are of great significance for understanding the structure and classification of plant communities,as well as judging community stability and development trends.The Levins(BL)and Shannon(BS)niche breadth indices and Pianka’s niche overlap index(Oik)were estimated for 22 dominant wild herbaceous medicinal plant species in Huguan County,Changzhi City,Shanxi Province.Those indices were used to analyze their niche characteristics.Based on a 2×2 contingency table,methods such as inter⁃specific association coefficient(AC),Jaccard index(JD),Ochiai index(OI),χ^(2) test,Pearson correlation coeffi⁃cient test were used to analyze the interspecific association of those species.The results showed that:(1)Among the 22 species,Sanguisorba officinalis had highest BL index at 63.369,followed by Artemisia stechmanniana at 58.276,with Astragalus membranaceus having lowest BL at 2.489.Sanguisorba officinalis also had highest BS at 4.290,followed by Adenophora stricta at 4.247,with Astragalus membranaceus having lowest BS at 1.097.Maximum Oik was shared between Cirsium arvense var.integrifolium and Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium(0.562),followed by Artemisia stechmanniana and Siphonostegia chinensis(0.534).Minimum overlap was zero,which occurred in 112 species pairs,indicating low overall degree of niche overlap among herbaceous medicinal plant species,less in⁃tense interspecies competition,and highly dispersed distributions of herbal medicinal plant species.(2)For AC values,77 out of the 231 species pairs were positive association pairs,with 11 pairs being strongly positively associ⁃ated.There were 154 negative association pairs,with 116 of them being strongly negatively associated.Theχ^(2) test showed that there were 77 positively associated species pairs,of which 24 were very significantly positively associat⁃ed;and 154 negatively associated species pairs,of which 7 were very significantly negatively associated.In terms of Pearson correlation coefficients,there w

关 键 词：药用植物 重要值 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 种间联结 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]