九岭山国家级自然保护区底栖硅藻群落结构特征及水质评价  

The benthic diatom community structure and water quality assessment in Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve

作　　者：张露 李滔 章叶飞 涂昆 张朝晖 胡余楠 周赛霞[3] 杨军 ZHANG Lu;LI Tao;ZHANG Yefei;TU Kun;ZHANG Chaohui;HU Yunan;ZHOU Saixia;YANG Jun(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Jiangxi Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Yichun 330699,Jiangxi,China;Lushan Botanical Garden,Jiangxi Prov-ince and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Jiujiang 332900,Jiangxi,China;Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]江西九岭山国家级自然保护区管理局,江西宜春330699 [3]江西省、中国科学院庐山植物园,江西九江332900 [4]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第2期530-537,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江西九岭山国家级自然保护区综合科学考察项目(2021)资助。

摘　　要：为探讨九岭山国家级自然保护区夏季底栖硅藻群落特征及水质变化情况,2022年7—8月,于宝峰站(BF)、大杞山站(DQ)、璪都站(ZD)和青山站(QS)选取56个代表性样点,调查九岭山国家级自然保护区溪流水体理化指标和底栖硅藻群落组成,并运用多样性指数和硅藻属指数评价水质状况。结果显示,九岭山国家级自然保护区4个保护站共鉴定出底栖硅藻25属77种,优势属13属,其中BF、DQ、ZD和QS分别包括优势属9、6、4和6属,主要优势属为舟形藻属(Navicula)、异极藻属(Gomphonema)和卵形藻属(Cocconeis)。BF、DQ、ZD和QS底栖硅藻丰度分别为0.03×10^(5)~20.27×10^(5)、0.05×10^(5)~7.96×10^(5)、0~14.65×10^(5)和0~12.85×10^(5) ind·cm^(-2),生物量分别为0.02~8.11、0.01~3.44、0~5.86和0~5.14 mg·cm^(-2),以BF底栖硅藻丰度和生物量最高,DQ最低。底栖硅藻多样性结果显示,各保护站Margalef、Pielou和Shannon指数结果均表现为QS高于BF、DQ和ZD。基于多样性指数和硅藻属指数的水质评价结果表明,各保护站水质整体表现为清洁⁃中污染型,均以QS水质最好,BF最差。多元线性回归分析结果表明,总磷、总氮、铵态氮和海拔对九岭山国家级自然保护区底栖硅藻群落结构的影响较大。本研究可为九岭山国家级自然保护区水域生态环境保护和健康维持提供参考依据。To investigate the characteristics of benthic diatom communities and changes in water quality in Jiulings⁃han National Nature Reserve during summer,a survey was conducted at 56 sampling sites in the stream waters of the Baofeng Station(BF),Daqishan Station(DQ),Zaodu Station(ZD),and Qingshan Station(QS)in July and August 2022.Physicochemical parameters of the water and the composition of benthic diatom communities were as⁃sessed.Diversity and diatom indices were used to assess water quality.A total of 77 species from 25 genera of ben⁃thic diatoms were identified at the four stations.A total of 13 genera were identified as dominant ones,with 9,6,4,and 6 dominant genera being observed at the BF,DQ,ZD,and QS stations,respectively.The main dominant genera included Navicula,Gomphonema,and Cocconeis.The total abundance of benthic diatoms in BF,DQ,ZD,and QS stations ranged from 0.03×10^(5) to 20.27×10^(5),0.05×10^(5) to 7.96×10^(5),0 to 14.65×10^(5),and 0 to 12.85×10^(5) ind·cm^(-2),respectively.The biomass of benthic diatoms in these stations ranged from 0.02 to 8.11,0.01 to 3.44,0 to 5.86,and 0 to 5.14 mg·cm^(-2),respectively.The total abundance and biomass of benthic diatoms were lower in DQ than in other stations,and the highest at the BF station.The Margalef,Pielou,and Shannon indices were higher at the QS station.Based on the results of diversity index and generic index of diatom(GI),water quality in Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve was generally classified as clean⁃moderately polluted.The water quality at QS was the best and that at BF was the worst.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that total phosphorus,total ni⁃trogen,ammonium nitrogen,and altitude had strong impacts on benthic diatom communities.Our results provide valuable information for the conservation and maintenance of aquatic ecological environment in Jiulingshan National Nature Reserve.

关 键 词：九岭山 底栖硅藻 多样性指数 硅藻属指数 水质 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X824