2000—2020年黄河流域森林生态质量时空变化  

Spatiotemporal changes of forest ecological quality in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020

作　　者：郑京生 尹昌君[1,2,3] 孙守家 张劲松[1,2,3] 孟平 ZHENG Jingsheng;YIN Changjun;SUN Shoujia;ZHANG Jinsong;MENG Ping(Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Research Institute of Forestry,Chi-nese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in South-ern China,Nanjing Forest University,Nanjing 210037,China;Henan Xiaolangdi Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,Jiyuan 454650,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所/国家林草局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091 [2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京210037 [3]河南小浪底森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,河南济源454650

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第2期695-704,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CAFYBB2021ZB003⁃03)资助。

摘　　要：森林作为陆地生态系统的主要组成部分,是实现黄河流域高质量发展的重要基础,对黄河流域森林生态质量进行评价,有助于更好地了解其现状和发展趋势,为生态保护和管理提供科学依据。采用层次分析法,基于DPSIR模型构建森林生态质量评价指标体系,对2000—2020年黄河流域森林生态质量进行评价,分析其时空变化规律及相关性。结果表明,(1)黄河流域森林生态质量在空间分布上差异显著,整体上呈“西部低于东部,北部低于南部”的分布格局;(2)在空间变化方面,黄河流域森林生态质量整体改善,局部退化。流域西部和北部地区的森林生态质量在前15年间分别呈现“改善⁃退化”、“退化⁃改善”的波动趋势,在2015—2020年显著改善。黄河流域中下游包括河南、山西部分地区,在2000—2005年间森林生态质量有明显的下降,在此后的15年间森林生态质量逐渐提高。下游山东各县森林生态质量缓慢提高。四川阿坝州南部部分地区和流域南部秦岭一带,以及延安梁山山脉附近区县的森林生态质量稳定保持在优等级。(3)20年间黄河流域森林生态质量空间分布呈现显著的相似值空间集聚,且总体上空间集聚性减弱。As a major type of terrestrial ecosystems,forests are an important foundation for high⁃quality develop⁃ment in the Yellow River Basin,China.The assessment of forest ecological quality in the Yellow River Basin will help to elucidate the current situation and development trend,and provide a scientific basis for ecological protection and management.In this study,the forest ecological quality evaluation index system was established based on the DPSIR model with analytic hierarchy process,with which forest ecological quality in the Yellow River Basin from 2000 to 2020 was evaluated and the spatiotemporal changes and correlation were analyzed.The major findings are as follows:(1)forest ecological quality in the Yellow River Basin showed spatial variation,with lower values in the west than in the east and lower values in the north than in the south.(2)In terms of spatial change,forest ecologi⁃cal quality improved overall in the Yellow River Basin,but degraded locally.During the first 15 years of the studied period,the forest ecological quality in the western part of the basin initially improved and then degraded,while the northern regions of the basin exhibited degradation followed by improvement.The forest ecological quality markedly improved during 2015-2020.In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin,including some regions of Henan and Shanxi provinces,the forest ecological quality decreased significantly from 2000 to 2005,and gradually improved in the following 15 years.The forest ecological quality in the counties of Shandong Province slowly im⁃proved.The forest ecological quality in the southern region of Aba Prefecture of Sichuan Province,the Qinling Mountains,and the counties near Liangshan Mountain in Yan’an,remained stable and at the excellent level.(3)Forest ecological quality in the Yellow River Basin showed marked spatial agglomeration of similar values in the past 20 years,and the spatial agglomeration was weakened overall.

关 键 词：森林生态质量 DPSIR模型 层次分析法 时空变化 空间自相关 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]