遥感数据智能:进展与思考  

Remote Sensing Data Intelligence: Progress and Perspectives

作　　者：何国金 刘慧婵 杨瑞清 张兆明 薛远 安诗豪 袁铭若 王桂周 龙腾飞 彭燕 尹然宇 HE Guojin;LIU Huichan;YANG Ruiqing;ZHANG Zhaoming;XUE Yuan;AN Shihao;YUAN Mingruo;WANG Guizhou;LONG Tengfei;PENG Yan;YIN Ranyu(Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Lab of Big Earth Data and Sustainable Development Goal,Kashi Aerospace Information Research Institute,Kashi 844000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]喀什中科空天信息研究院地球大数据与可持续发展实验室,喀什844000

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2025年第2期273-284,共12页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFF1304301);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目专题任务(2019QZKK030701);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项课题(XDA19090300);国家自然科学基金重点项目(61731022)。

摘　　要：【意义】数据已成为重要的生产资料,与人工智能技术相互促进,伴生发展,并不断催生新质生产力。遥感数据智能是遥感大数据和人工智能快速发展的必然产物,不仅提高了遥感数据处理效率,还增强了应对突发事件和复杂环境变化的响应能力。【目的】本文旨在探讨遥感数据智能的发展及其在关键领域的应用潜力,分析了遥感数据智能的出现背景和技术支撑,提出了遥感数据智能技术框架,并结合具体应用案例,展示遥感数据智能在超高分辨率遥感图像中提取中国集中式和分布式光伏分布信息的应用成效。【展望】研究强调,对于遥感数据智能而言,高质量的数据是遥感数据智能的基础,应重视AI-ready的知识库建设和小数据的作用;有针对性的高效算法是实现遥感数据智能的关键,发展实用的数据智能方法是迫切需要研究的课题;通过数据智能,推进遥感数据、信息和知识的多层次服务。[Significance]Data resources have become pivotal in modern production,evolving in close synergy with advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)technologies,which continuously cultivate new,high-quality productive forces.Remote sensing data intelligence has naturally emerged as a result of the rapid expansion of remote sensing big data and AI.This integration significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of remote sensing data processing while bolstering the ability to address emergencies and adapt to complex environmental changes.Remote sensing data intelligence represents a transformative approach,leveraging state-of-the-art technological advancements and redefining traditional paradigms of remote sensing information engineering and its applications.[Analysis]This paper delves into the technological background and foundations that have facilitated the emergence of remote sensing data intelligence.The rapid development of technology has provided robust support for remote sensing data intelligence,primarily in three areas:the advent of the big data era in remote sensing,significant advancements in remote sensing data processing capabilities,and the flourishing research on remote sensing large models.Furthermore,a comprehensive technical framework is proposed,outlining the critical elements and methodologies required for implementing remote sensing data intelligence effectively.To demonstrate the practical applications of remote sensing data intelligence,the paper presents a case study on applying these techniques to extract ultra-high-resolution centralized and distributed photovoltaic information in China.[Results]By integrating large models with remote sensing data,the study demonstrates how remote sensing data intelligence enables precise identification and mapping of centralized and distributed photovoltaic installations,offering valuable insights for energy management and planning.The effectiveness of remote sensing data intelligence in addressing challenges associated with large-scale photovoltaic extr

关 键 词：遥感大数据 数据智能 大模型 超高分辨率 光伏 AI-ready 

分 类 号：TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]