面向视觉感知计算的古典园林景观3D数据模型设计——以苏州拙政园为例  

A Novel 3D Data Model for Chinese Classical Gardens Tailored to Visual Perception Computing: A Case Study of the Humble Administrator's Garden, China

作　　者：张江玥 苏世亮[1] ZHANG Jiangyue;SU Shiliang(Urban Computing and Visualization Lab,School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院城市计算与可视化研究室,武汉430079

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2025年第2期441-460,共20页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(4247011627);中国工程科技发展战略湖北研究院咨询重点项目(HB2024B12);湖北省青年拔尖人才计划项目(212100006);武汉大学人才启动基金项目(413100138)。

摘　　要：【目的】作为世界文化遗产和城市游憩空间的重要组成部分,中国古典园林文化生态系统服务的发挥主要依赖于游客与景观的视觉感知与交互。然而,如何为古典园林景观视觉感知模拟建立相应的3D数据模型仍存在以下方法挑战:如何构建视觉感知框架以表征中国古典园林所特有的“景”概念?如何以游客视觉感知为切入点剖析其游园观景行为?以何种形式组织古典园林景观3D数据模型,从而实现视觉感知的全流程模拟计算,并提升计算效果和效率?【方法】针对这些挑战,本文从游客视觉感知过程的“客体-路径-主体-结果”4个环节出发,以“叙事符号系统-叙事策略”的空间叙事为切入点,将古典园林景观构成剖析为“环境空间-视觉感知空间-视知觉空间”,提出了古典园林景观的视觉感知框架,并基于相关领域本体模型语义复用,将模型梳理为“地物层-行为层-分析层”3个层次,扩展并设计了面向视觉感知计算的古典园林景观3D数据模型。【结果】以苏州拙政园为例,从地物数据处理、行为数据配置、存储环境搭建,再到分析数据计算,阐述了古典园林景观3D数据模型实施应用的方法流程,以期为中国古典园林乃至其他文化遗产三维空间视觉感知研究提供理论与方法参考。[Background]Chinese Classical Gardens(CCGs),as integral components of world cultural heritage and essential urban recreational spaces,hold profound cultural,historical,and aesthetic value.Renowned for their intricate design,these gardens provide cultural ecosystem services through dynamic interactions between tourists and landscapes.Visual perception plays a pivotal role in these interactions,directly influencing how visitors engage with and interpret the"scenery"—a concept central to CCGs.With rapid advancements in 3D real scene reconstruction and digital simulation technologies,a pressing challenge has emerged:developing a 3D data model for CCGs tailored to visual perception computing.Traditional models fail to capture the complex interplay between spatial elements and human perceptual responses.[Objectives]This study aims to address this challenge by tackling three core methodological issues:(1)constructing a visual perception framework to represent the unique"scenery"concept inherent to CCGs;(2)analyzing tourist behavior through the lens of visual perception processes;and(3)organizing a 3D data model that supports robust analysis and visualization.[Methods]To systematically address these challenges,the study elaborates on a visual perception framework for CCGs,integrating four critical stages of visitors'visual experiences:object(what is seen),path(how one navigates),subject(who perceives),and outcome(the resulting impressions and emotions).This framework incorporates spatial narratives,consisting of a narrative symbol system and strategies,and landscape space composition,distinguishing among environmental space,visual perception space,and visual cognition space.Building on this framework,a novel 3D data model tailored to visual perception computing in CCGs is proposed.The model is structured into three interrelated layers:the physical features layer(capturing spatial and structural details),the behavior patterns layer(analyzing tourists'movements and gaze behaviors),and the analytical layers(integrating vi

关 键 词：中国古典园林 部件级实景三维 3D数据模型 空间叙事 视觉感知计算 本体语义复用 数字地图 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TU986[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]