土壤酸化对草甸草原植物形态性状和光合色素含量的影响  

Effects of soil acidification on plant morphological traits and photosynthetic pigments in a meadow steppe

作　　者：杜安娜 张玉革 李慧[2] 姜勇 冯雪[2] DU Anna;ZHANG Yuge;LI Hui;JIANG Yong;FENG Xue(College of Environment,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences;College of Life Sciences,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学环境学院,沈阳110044 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]河北大学生命科学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2025年第2期473-480,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271677)资助。

摘　　要：本研究依托中国科学院额尔古纳森林草原过渡带生态系统研究站硫添加(0、1、2、5、10、15、20、50 g S·m^(-2)·a^(-1))模拟土壤酸化实验平台,以内蒙古草甸草原禾本科牧草贝加尔针茅和杂类草白头翁2个常见物种为对象,分析了比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶片厚度、植株高度以及光合色素含量与计量特征的变化,研究草原植物形态性状和光合色素含量对土壤酸化的响应。结果表明:贝加尔针茅主要通过改变形态性状而不是光合色素含量适应土壤酸化。贝加尔针茅和白头翁形态性状对土壤酸化的形态响应基本相似,表现为降低比叶面积(降幅分别为12.0%和8.0%),增加叶干物质含量(增幅分别为3.2%和0.9%)和植株高度(增幅分别为3.4%和15.0%)。贝加尔针茅叶片光合色素含量对土壤酸化无显著响应,而白头翁降低了类胡萝卜素含量(25.7%),但增加了叶绿素与类胡萝卜素的比值(51.4%),这种变化主要受土壤酸化导致的土壤硝态氮和钙镁离子含量下降影响。贝加尔针茅因占据群落上层,拥有获取光资源的优势,主要通过改变形态性状适应土壤酸化。土壤酸化使得白头翁形态性状趋于保守并对光合系统产生了胁迫。Based on a field experiment with simulated soil acidification through sulfur addition(0, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 50 g S·m^(-2)·a^(-1)) in Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences, we investigated specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, leaf thickness, plant height, photosynthetic pigment contents and their ratios in two common species(Stipa baicalensis and Pulsatilla turczaninovii) to understand the responses of plant morphological traits and photosynthetic pigments to soil acidification. The results showed that S. baicalensis adapted to soil acidification primarily by changing morphological traits rather than photosynthetic pigments, which had an advantage in accessing light resources. S. baicalensis and P. turczaninovii exhibited similar morphological responses to soil acidification, characterized by a reduction in specific leaf area(with reductions of 12.0% and 8.0%, respectively), an increase in leaf dry matter content(with increases of 3.2% and 0.9%, respectively), and an increase in plant height(with increases of 3.4% and 15.0%, respectively). Leaf photosynthetic pigment concentrations in S. baicalensis showed no response to soil acidification, while P. turczaninovii reduced carotenoid content by 25.7% but increased in the ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoids by 51.4%. These changes were primarily influenced by the decrease of soil nitrate and calcium and magnesium contents induced by soil acidification. The results showed that S. baicalensis adapted to soil acidification primarily by changing morphological traits, which provided an advantage in accessing light resources. However, soil acidification tended to conserve the morphological traits of P. turczaninovii and exert stress on its photosynthetic system.

关 键 词：草甸草原 土壤酸化 土壤养分有效性 形态性状 光合色素 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]