2022年广西宾阳县华支睾吸虫感染状况及其影响因素  

Epidemiology and determinants of Clonorchis sinensis infection in Binyang County, Guangxi in 2022

作　　者：祝雨莺 赵甲光[2] 周长海 诸廷俊 黄继磊 孟军[3] 蒋智华[3] 周晓农 李石柱 钱门宝 ZHU Yuying;ZHAO Jiaguang;ZHOU Changhai;ZHU Tingjun;HUANG Jilei;MENG Jun;JIANG Zhihua;ZHOU Xiaonong;LI Shizhu;QIAN Menbao(National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research),National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Biology,Ministry of Health,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,Ministry of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200025,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Binyang County,Binyang 530400,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanning 530021,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所(国家热带病研究中心),传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,世界卫生组织热带病合作中心,科技部国家级热带病国际研究中心,上海200025 [2]宾阳县疾病预防控制中心,广西宾阳530400 [3]广西疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2024年第6期701-714,共14页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：上海市卫生行业临床研究专项(202140208);国家自然科学基金(82373645);东方英才青年项目;国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2300800,2021YFC2300804)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2022年广西宾阳县人群华支睾吸虫感染特征以及华支睾吸虫病知识、行为与态度及其影响因素,为制定针对性的防治措施提供依据。方法 2022年,按地理方位将广西宾阳县划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每片区抽取1个乡镇(街道)的1个行政村(社区),每个行政村(社区)整群抽取3周岁以上居民200人为调查对象。收集调查对象粪便,应用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪两检)检测华支睾吸虫等蠕虫卵。每户完成1份问卷,同时每个村抽取40人开展华支睾吸虫病相关知识、行为及态度个案问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验或Fisher精确检验比较不同人群华支睾吸虫病知晓情况、食“鱼生”(即生淡水鱼鱼片)行为特征和意愿差异。采用logistic回归模型对不同人群华支睾吸虫感染率、食“鱼生”行为发生率和未来食“鱼生”意愿进行分析。结果 共粪检1 007人,完成372户家庭问卷调查和202份个案问卷调查,其中175人同时完成了粪便检查和问卷调查。华支睾吸虫总感染率为15.49%(95%CI:13.25%~17.73%),其中思陇镇感染率最高(22.00%;95%CI:15.84%~27.38%)(P<0.05),男性(26.32%;95%CI:22.27%~30.06%)高于女性(5.07%;95%CI:3.16%~6.97%)(P<0.05)。不同年龄组人群感染率随年龄增长呈先升后降的趋势,以45~59岁组最高(24.31%;95%CI:19.01%~29.61%)(P<0.05)。不同文化程度感染率以初中学历最高(23.77%;95%CI:19.89%~27.64%)(P<0.05)。调查的372户家庭中,制作“鱼生”频次<1、1~10、11~50和>50次/年的家庭分别占4.03%(15/372)、21.77%(81/372)、15.06%(56/372)和8.60%(32/372),其中宾州镇制作“鱼生”频次在1~10次/年的比例最高,为83.64%(46/55);新圩镇制作“鱼生”频次在11~50和>50次/年的比例均最高,分别为50.47%(54/107)和29.91%(32/107)(P<0.05)。家庭曾在外购买过“鱼生”情况,以思陇镇占比最高,为35.09%(20/57)(P<0.05);家庭曾向邻居赠送“鱼生”情况,以宾州镇占比最高,为51.81%Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of,and knowledge,attitude,and practice towards Clonorchis sinensis infections in humans in Binyang County,Guangxi in 2022,for providing insights into formulation of targeted control measures.Methods Binyang County in Guangxi was geographically divided into five regions(eastern,western,southern,northern,and central)in 2022,and one township was sampled from each geographical region,followed by one administrative village(community)sampled from each township.Two hundred residents at ages of over 3 years were sampled from each administrative village(community)using a cluster sampling method,and participants’stool specimens were sampled for detection of C.sinensis eggs using a modified Kato-Katz thick smear method(two smears from one stool sample).One questionnaire survey was performed in each household,and 40 residents were sampled from each village for individual questionnaire surveys on knowledge,attitude,and practice towards clonorchiasis control.The differences in the awareness of clonorchiasis control knowledge,practice towards consumption of raw freshwater fish,and attitude to consume raw freshwater fish were compared among different participants with Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.In addition,univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to identify factors affecting the prevalence of C.sinensis infections in humans,practice of consuming raw freshwater fish,and attitude towards consumption of raw freshwater fish in future among participants.Results A total of 1007 residents received stool examinations,and 372 household questionnaire surveys and 202 individual questionnaire surveys were completed,including 175 individuals completing both stool examinations and questionnaire surveys.The overall prevalence of C.sinensis infections was 15.49%[95%confidential interval(CI):(13.25%,17.73%)]among participants,with the highest prevalence in Silong Township[22.00%;95%CI:(15.84%,27.38%)](P<0.05),and the prevalence was higher in

关 键 词：华支睾吸虫病 知识 行为 信念 影响因素 

分 类 号：R532.23[医药卫生—内科学]