蜱源抗凝血蛋白及其在医学领域的潜在价值  

Tick-derived anticoagulant proteins and their potential value in the medical field

作　　者：贺晓菲 高金亮[1,2] HE Xiaofei;GAO Jinliang(Laboratory of Molecular Medicine,Ordos Central Hospital,Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China;Ordos School of Clinical Medicine,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Ordos 017000,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]鄂尔多斯市中心医院分子医学实验室,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [2]内蒙古医科大学鄂尔多斯临床医学院,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2024年第6期767-775,共9页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82360406);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2021MS08063);内蒙古科技创新引导项目(2021年度);内蒙古自治区硕士研究生科学创新项目(S20231198Z)。

摘　　要：蜱是一种人兽共患的体表吸血寄生虫,其在吸血过程中会触发机体的凝血系统。为逃避宿主防御机制,蜱会分泌多种抗凝血蛋白来调节宿主凝血系统,以维持血液的持续流动。这些抗凝血蛋白多为蛋白酶抑制剂,可与宿主的凝血因子及血小板活性相关分子相互作用,从而有效调节宿主的血液凝固过程。目前已发现大量具有抗凝血活性的蜱源蛋白分子,这些蛋白分子的结构多样,且与宿主体内的目标分子具有较高的特异性和较强的亲和力。基于这些蜱源抗凝分子开发的抗凝药物有望兼具高效抗凝作用和较低的出血风险。本文综述了部分蜱源抗凝血分子的研究进展,讨论了它们的作用机制及潜在的临床应用价值,旨在为新型抗凝药物的研发提供参考。Ticks are hematophagous insects that infest both humans and animals.During a blood meal,they inevitably activate the host’s coagulation system.To evade the host’s defense mechanisms,ticks secrete various anticoagulant proteins that regulate the host’s coagulation system,ensuring continuous blood flow.Most anticoagulation proteins are protease inhibitors capable of interacting with coagulation factors or molecules associated with platelet activity to effectively regulate the host’s blood coagulation process.So far,numerous tick-derived anticoagulant molecules with diverse structures have been identified.These molecules exhibit high specificity and strong affinity for their target molecules in the host.Anticoagulants developed from these tick-derived molecules are expected to offer effective anticoagulant activity with a lower risk of bleeding.This article reviews the research progress of some tick-derived anticoagulant molecules,delving into their mechanisms of action and potential clinical application,aiming to inform the development of new anticoagulant drugs.

关 键 词：蜱 抗凝血 凝血因子抑制剂 血小板功能抑制剂 

分 类 号：R384.41[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]