十六世纪蒙古“浑臣”考  

On Qončin in the 16th Century Mongol

作　　者：乌云毕力格 格桑达尔基(译) Borjigidai Oyunbilig;Kalzang Dargye(translated)(School of Chinese Studies,Renmin University of China;Institute of Tibetan Medicine,China Tibetology Research Center)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院 [2]中国藏学研究中心藏医药研究所

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报(藏文版)》2024年第4期9-26,共18页Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Tibetan language)

摘　　要：十六世纪末,俺答汗皈依藏传佛教后,右翼蒙古中出现了一个字形为QONCIN的称号。据蒙古文文献《十善法白史》记载,QONCIN是蒙古国家最高行政长官。笔者考证发现认为,QONCIN实际上是元代西藏最高行政长官宣尉使的藏语俗称Dpon—chen(“本钦”)的安多方言读音的蒙古语转音Qončin。藏语安多方言读“本钦”为“浑臣”,安多藏人将该词带入土默特蒙古,经回鹘体蒙古文的音写,逐渐变成为Qončin。这一方面说明《十善法白史》具有明代安多人的历史文化背景,另一方面又为揭示《十善法白史》所载内容其实是喇嘛文人们为俺答汗政权所准备的佛教国家学说提供了依据。At the end of the 16th century,when Altan Khan had been converted to Tibetan Buddhism,a new Mongolian term qočcin appeared in the Right Wing of the Mongols.According toČaγan Teüke,qončin is the highest rank in the administration.This paper argues that qončin is the transcription of Tibetan dpon chen,which refers to the highest administrator in Tibet during Yuan dynasty.Dpon chen was transcribed as Mongolian qončin through the media of Amdo Tibetan dialect,in which dpon chen,pronounces as‘xwonchen’.This word demonstrates the background of Amdo Tibetans in the composition ofČaγan Teüke.It also provides the evidence thatČaγan Teüke was a product of the Buddhist literati who exploited Buddhist political ideas to legitimize Altan Khan’s regime.

关 键 词：浑臣 本钦 安多方言 《十善法白史》 成书年代和时代背景 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学] K212[历史地理—中国史]