投喂频率对大口黑鲈生长、消化及摄食代谢的影响  

Effects of Feeding Frequency on Growth,Digestion and Feeding Metabolism of Largemouth Bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：杨洁[1,2] 向申奥 刘映彤 李云[1,2] 庞旭[1,2] YANG Jie;XIANG Shenao;LIU Yingtong;LI Yun;PANG Xu(Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China(CHONGQING)Science City&Southwest University;College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学西部(重庆)科学城种质创制大科学中心 [2]西南大学水产学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2024年第6期7-15,共9页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(No.31702020);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(No.cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0479)。

摘　　要：为考察投喂频率对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长、消化和摄食代谢的影响及三者间的关联,在25℃条件下,经1、2和3次·d^(-1)不同频率的饱足投喂后测定特定生长率(specific growth rate,SGR)、摄食率(feeding rate,FR)、饲料转化效率(feed efficiency,FE)、胃内容物变化和特殊动力作用(specific dynamic action,SDA)参数。结果显示:在生长性能方面,各组实验鱼在经28 d投喂后,体质量和体长与投喂开始时相比均有统计学意义上的增加(p<0.05);随着投喂频率的增加(2和3次·d^(-1)),SGR增加了11%~14%,FR增加了16%~18%,FE无统计学意义上的变化,SGR与FR之间呈统计学意义上的正相关(p<0.05)。在消化能力方面,随投喂频率的增加(2和3次·d^(-1)),日摄食量增加了16%~18%,排空时间仅增加了2~4 h。在摄食代谢方面,大口黑鲈静止代谢率(resting metabolic rate,RMR)、摄食代谢峰值(peak feeding metabolic rate,PMR)和峰值摄食代谢空间(peak feeding metabolic scope,PMS)在各投喂频率组间无统计学意义上的差异;随着投喂频率的增加,PMR和PMS分别增加了约10%,差异不具有统计学意义;SDA时间增加了约43%,SDA总耗能增加幅度超过70%,SDA系数增加了约45%(p<0.05)。实验结果说明,对大口黑鲈增加投喂频率使得生长能力增强的主要原因在于日摄食量的增加;增加对大口黑鲈的投喂频率,会使胃内容物排空具有叠加效应;大口黑鲈随日摄食量增加,同化能力会增强。鉴于大口黑鲈的生长性能与它的日摄食量、消化能力和摄食代谢反应等有关,故在养殖过程中每天投喂2次且投喂时间间隔约12 h较为合适。In order to investigate the effects and relationship of feeding frequency on growth,digestive capacity and ingestion metabolism of largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides).The specific growth rate(SGR),feeding rate(FR),feed efficiency(FE),changes in stomach contents and special dynamic action(SDA)were measured after feeding at different frequencies(1 time per day,2 times per day and 3 times per day)at 25℃.The results showed that the end body weight and body length of fish in each group increased significantly after feeding for 28 days.With the increase of feeding frequency(2 times per day and 3 times per day),SGR increased by 11%~14%,FR increased by 16%~18%,and FE did not change significantly.There was a significant positive correlation between SGR and FR(p<0.05).The results showed that the growth ability of largemouth bass was enhanced by increasing feeding frequency mainly due to the increase of daily feed intake.With the increase of feeding frequency(2 times per day and 3 times per day),the daily food intake increased by 16%~18%,and the emptying time only increased by 2~4 h.The results indicated that increasing the feeding frequency of largemouth bass had a superposition effect on gastric contents emptying.The results showed that there were no significant differences in resting metabolic rate(RMR),peak feeding metabolic rate(PMR)and peak feeding metabolic scope(PMS)among different feeding frequency groups.With the increase of feeding frequency,PMR and PMS increased by about 10%respectively(the increase was not significant).The SDA duration increased by about 43%,the total SDA energy consumption increased by more than 70%,and the SDA coefficient increased by about 45%(p<0.05).The results indicated that the assimilation ability of largemouth bass was enhanced with the increase of daily food intake.Therefore,based on the growth performance of largemouth bass,it is appropriate to feed twice a day during the breeding process,with a feeding interval of about 12 h.These are related to the daily intake,digestive capac

关 键 词：肉食性鱼类 特定生长率 胃排空率 摄食代谢 

分 类 号：Q175[生物学—水生生物学]