《朝鲜馆译语》塞音韵尾研究  

A Study on Plosive Codas of Chaoxian Guan Yiyu(朝鲜馆译语)

作　　者：李锦花 朱旭 LI Jin-hua;ZHU Xu(School of Foreign Studies,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学外国语学院,南京210023

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第1期53-60,共8页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国朝鲜语方言自然口语有声影像数据库建设”(19BYY175)。

摘　　要：《朝鲜馆译语》是由明代官方外事机构编纂的中朝对译词汇集,记录了大量明朝时期天文、地理、人事等方面的词条,全部使用汉字标译。本文通过考察《朝鲜馆译语》朝鲜语塞音韵尾的标记情况,归纳其规律,分析其所反映的近代汉语入声韵音韵特征,认为这一时期汉语处于塞音韵尾脱落过程的中间态,韵尾发音部位后移并向喉塞尾[-?]演化,且演化具有不均衡性。《中原音韵》在萧豪和歌戈两韵重出的宕江摄入声字,在《朝鲜馆译语》中标记塞音韵尾字的比例高于其余摄,声母的清浊对其也有所影响。《朝鲜馆译语》为培养朝鲜语通事而编纂,朝鲜语塞音韵尾类似于中古汉语,编者标记时可能倾向使用入声字来标记朝鲜语中的塞音韵尾字。Chaoxian Guan Yiyu(朝鲜馆译语)is a collection of translated vocabulary between Chinese and Korean.It was compiled by the official institution responsible for foreign affairs in the Ming(明)Dynasty,including a large number of entries about astronomy,geography and personnel of the Ming(明)Dynasty,all of which were translated in Chinese characters.This thesis based on the investigation of the marks of the plosive codas in Chaoxian Guan Yiyu(朝鲜馆译语),summarizes its rules,and analyzes the phonological features of the entering tone in modern Chinese reflected by it.It holds that Chinese was in the middle state of the process of the plosive codas falling off,evolving to glottal[-Ɂ],and this evolution is uneven.Compared with other rhythm groups,the proportion of characters used to mark the plosive codas is higher in Dangshe(宕摄)and Jiangshe(江摄).The voicelessness of the initials also had an effect.Chaoxian Guan Yiyu(朝鲜馆译语)was compiled for the purpose of training Korean translators.The plosive codas in Korean language are similar to Middle Chinese,so the editor may be inclined to use characters of entering Tone to mark the plosive codas in Korean.

关 键 词：《朝鲜馆译语》 塞音韵尾 入声韵 朝汉对音 近代汉语 

分 类 号：H114[语言文字—汉语]