疑问副词“可”的来源及语法化  

The Origin and the Grammaticalization of the Interrogative Adverb Ke(可)

作　　者：刘彦哲[1] LIU Yan-zhe(School of Liberal Arts,Nanjing University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,南京210023

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第1期146-151,共6页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“苏皖鄂赣江淮官话与周边方言的接触演变研究及数据库建设”(19ZDA307)。

摘　　要：“可”由助动词虚化为反诘副词,是在反诘问这一特定语境中逐渐实现的,语法化机制主要是语用推理和语境吸收。最早在东汉汉译佛经中,“可”就能够用作表推度询问的疑问副词。“可”由助动词虚化为表推度的疑问副词,其语法化机制主要是结构关系变化导致的重新分析。此外,“可”的语法化还受疑问副词“宁、岂、颇、叵”等的类推影响。This paper points out that ke(可)changes from auxiliary verb to rhetorical adverb,which is gradually realized in the specific context of rhetorical questions,and the grammaticalization mechanism is inference and absorption of contextual meaning.It is found that ke(可)can be used as an interrogative adverb in the Buddhist scriptures translated into Chinese in the Eastern Han(汉)Dynasty.It is believed that the grammaticalization mechanism of ke(可)is reanalysis caused by the change of structural relationship.In addition,the grammaticalization of ke(可)is also influenced by the analogy of interrogative adverbs Ning(宁),Qi(岂),Po(颇)and Po(叵).

关 键 词：疑问副词“可” 语法化 机制 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]