基于InVEST模型和电路理论的生态安全格局识别——以青海省海南藏族自治州为例  

Ecological security pattern identification based on InVEST model and circuit theory——A case study at Hainan Zang Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province

作　　者：赵隆莲 曹广超 闫欣[1,2] 苏万峰 咸庆玲 Zhao Longlian;Cao Guangchao;Yan Xin;Su Wanfeng;Xian Qingling(Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes of Qinghai Province,College of Geographical Sciences,Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation on the Tibetan Plateau,Ministry of Education,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China;Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability Peoples Government of Qinghai Province&Beijing Normal University,Xining,Qinghai 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学地理科学学院青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [2]青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810008 [3]青海师范大学青海省人民政府—北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2025年第1期137-146,共10页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：青海省重大科技专项“青海省碳达峰碳中和关键技术研发和示范区建设”(2021-SF-A7-1);青海自然地理与环境过程重点实验室(2020-ZJ-Y06)。

摘　　要：[目的]识别青海省海南藏族自治州关键生态廊道、生态节点和障碍点,刻画海南州的生态安全格局,为该地区生态环境保护和可持续发展提供科学参考和借鉴。[方法]以黄河源头重要水源涵养区青海省海南藏族自治州(海南州)为研究对象,基于InVEST模型和电路理论方法,刻画以源地—阻力面—廊道为框架的海南州生态安全格局。[结果](1)海南州生态系统服务总体较好,主要以极重要和高度重要服务为主;(2)研究区内生态源地面积约5 463 km^(2),占研究区总面积的12.0%,斑块分布较为零散,集中分布在海南州南部、东部和青海湖南岸;识别生态廊道共55条,总长度为1 963 km,其中关键廊道22条,廊道分布呈现南部、东部密集,西部稀疏的分布格局;共识别生态夹点37个,生态障碍点32个,主要分布在共和县和贵德县中部;(3)通过整合生态源地、生态廊道和生态夹点、障碍点区域,构建生态安全格局。[结论]研究区西部未来应重视生境的保护和修复,提升海南州生态系统的整体连通性。[Objective]The key ecological corridors,ecological nodes,and obstacle points in the Hainan Zang Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province was identified,and the ecological security pattern of the Hainan Prefecture was described in order to provide a reference for its ecological environmental protection and sustainable development.[Methods]The ecological security pattern of the Hainan Prefecture was described using the InVEST model and circuit theory method based on the source-resistance surface-corridor framework.The Hainan Zang Autonomous Prefecture(Hainan Prefecture)in the Qinghai Province,an important water conservation area at the headwaters of the Yellow River,was the research object.[Results]①Ecosystem services in the Hainan Prefecture were generally good and mainly included very important and highly important services.②The ecological source area in this study was approximately 5463 km2,accounting for 12.0%of the total study area.Scattered patches were mainly distributed in the south and east of the Hainan Prefecture and at the southern bank of the Qinghai Lake.A total of 55 ecological corridors were identified,with a total length of 1963 km,including 22 key corridors,with a dense distribution pattern in the south and east and sparse distribution in the west.A total of 37 ecological pinch points and 32 ecological obstacle points were identified,which were mainly distributed in the central parts of Gonghe and Guide County.③The ecological source,corridor,pinch point,and obstacle point areas were combined to form an ecological security pattern.[Conclusion]Future endeavors should focus on the protection and restoration of habitats in the western part of the study area,strengthening the service capacity of the ecological source area at the southern,eastern,and southern banks of the Qinghai Lake to improve the overall connectivity of the ecosystem in the Hainan Prefecture.

关 键 词：InVEST模型 生态系统服务 电路理论 生态安全格局 海南藏族自治州(海南州) 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1