高盐有机废水处理技术研究进展  

Research Progress of High-Salt Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology

作　　者：王小宁 杨帆[1] 孙凯鹏 张明芳 杨传玺 赵伟华 WANG Xiaoning;YANG Fan;SUN Kaipeng;ZHANG Mingfang;YANG Chuanxi;ZHAO Weihua(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《水处理技术》2025年第3期1-9,16,共10页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金青年基金(ZR2020QE230);国家自然科学基金面上项目基金(41672340)。

摘　　要：高盐有机废水由于同时具有难降解有毒有机污染物和可溶性无机盐离子,生化法和物化法处理效果受Cl-和SO42-影响严重,直接排放会导致大量的资源浪费和严重的环境污染问题。因此,为了实现环境效益和经济效益协同,探索绿色高效和节能环保的高盐有机废水处理技术迫在眉睫。本文首先介绍了高盐有机废水的来源、危害和研究现状,系统分析了高盐有机废水处理的技术,高盐有机废水单一处理技术包括物化法和生化法,物化法包括蒸发法、焚烧法、离子交换法、吸附法、膜分离法、高级氧化法和电化学法,生化法包括好氧污泥法、厌氧污泥法和耐盐菌/嗜盐菌驯化,高盐有机废水组合处理技术包括吸附-氧化组合工艺、电渗析-生化组合工艺、MVR-铁碳芬顿-厌氧生化组合工艺、吸附-生化组合工艺、萃取-焚烧组合工艺。通过对比不同高盐有机废水处理技术,提出制备或改良新型环境功能材料、提取和训化耐盐菌/嗜盐菌、加快物化-物化/物化-生化耦合技术发展是高盐有机废水处理技术的发展方向。High-salt organic wastewater contained persistent/toxic organic pollutants and soluble inorganic salt ions,hence,the treatment efficiency of biochemical and physicalchemical method was low efficiency due to Cl-and SO42-.Direct emission of high-salt organic wastewater led to massive waste of resources and serious environmental problems.Therefore,it is urgent to explore high-efficiency and energy-efficient wastewater treatment technologies in order to realize synergistic effect between environmental benefit and economic benefit.In this paper,the source,harm and research advances of high-salt organic wastewater were introduced at first.Then,the wastewater treatment technologies were analyzed.The single treatment technology of high salt organic wastewater included physicochemical method and biochemical method,physicochemical method included evaporation method,incineration method,ion exchange method,adsorption method,membrane separation method,advanced oxidation method and electrochemical method,biochemical method includes aerobic sludge method,anaerobic sludge method and domestication of halotolerant bacteria/halophile bacteria.The combined treatment technology of high salt organic wastewater included adsorption-oxidation combined process,electroosmosis-biochemical combined process,MVR-iron-carbon Fenton-anaerobic biochemical combined process,adsorption-biochemical combined process and extraction-incineration combined process.Comparison of wastewater treatment technologies,the outlook of high-salt organic wastewater was proposed,which including preparation or improvement of novelty environment function material,extraction and domestication of halotolerant bacteria/halophile bacteria,physicochemical-physicochemical and physicochemical-biochemical coupling technology.

关 键 词：高盐有机废水 废水处理技术 物化法 生化法 组合工艺 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]