nSiO_(2)-PVDF复合膜制备与膜蒸馏性能研究  

Preparation and Distillation of nSiO_(2)-PVDF Composite Membrane

作　　者：侯雪怡 黄世耿 班锦宏 卢彦越 HOU Xueyi;HUANG Shigeng;BAN Jinhong;LU Yanyue(Guangxi Key Laboratory of New Technologies in Chemical and Biotransformation Processes,Guangxi Minzu University,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学化学化工学院广西高校化学与生物转化过程新技术重点实验室,广西南宁530006

出　　处：《水处理技术》2025年第3期67-71,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21968008,21566007)。

摘　　要：为了提高聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)平板膜的膜蒸馏分离性能,用溶胶凝胶法制备不同粒径的纳米二氧化硅(nSiO_(2))溶胶作为致孔剂,采用相转换方法制备nSiO_(2)-PVDF复合膜。利用XRD、XPS、SEM等对PVDF膜和nSiO_(2)-PVDF复合膜进行表征,研究了纳米nSiO_(2)的粒径和添加量对复合膜形貌和结构、疏水性能以及膜蒸馏分离性能的影响。分析结果表明,在添加不同粒径的纳米nSiO_(2)溶胶后,复合膜的水通量大幅提升。在进料液为质量分数3.5%Na Cl溶液,进料温度为75℃,渗透测温度为25℃的条件下,添加质量分数3%的100 nm nSiO_(2)的复合膜水通量达到22.1 kg/(m^(2)·h),相对于未改性膜提高了116.7%;其截留率高达99.9%以上。In this study,silica(nSiO_(2))sols of various particle sizes were synthesized via the sol–gel method as pore-forming additives to enhance the membrane distillation performance of polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)flat membranes.Using a phase inversion process,the nSiO_(2)-PVDF composite membranes were prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The effects of nSiO_(2)particle size and loading on the membrane morphology,structure,hydrophobicity,and distillation separation performance were investigated.The results showed that incorporating differently sized nano-silica particles significantly increased the water flux of the composite membranes.Under the conditions of a 3.5%NaCl feed solution at 75℃ and a permeate temperature of 25℃,the water flux of the 100 nm nSiO_(2)composite membrane containing 3%nSiO_(2)reached 22.1 kg/(m^(2)·h),which was 116.7%higher than that of the unmodified membrane.The salt rejection rate remained as high as 99.9%.

关 键 词：直接接触膜蒸馏 海水淡化 聚偏氟乙烯膜 纳米二氧化硅 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程]