电镀活化液磷酸中铜铬的脱除机理研究  

Study on the Mechanism of Removing Copper and Chromium from Phosphoric Acid in Electroplating Activation Solution

作　　者：曹浩宇 梁智鹏[1] 宁哲[1] 李继东[1] 李彬周 王一雍[1] CAO Haoyu;LIANG Zhipeng;NING Zhe;LI Jidong;LI Binzhou;WANG Yiyong(School of Materials&Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China;Beijing Research Institute,Ansteel Group Corporation Limited,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]鞍钢集团北京研究院有限公司,北京102200

出　　处：《水处理技术》2025年第3期108-112,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2021YFB3702003)。

摘　　要：电镀活化液磷酸再生循环利用是实现结晶器铜板绿色电镀技术的关键环节。利用草酸化学沉淀-活性炭吸附耦合脱除废弃磷酸中铜铬,探讨了草酸化学沉淀Cu^(2+)以及活性炭吸附Cu^(2+)、Cr^(3+)的耦合作用机制。结果表明,草酸化学沉淀机制在于Cu^(2+)与H_(2)C_(2)O_(4)的两个—COOH配位,形成稳定的Cu C2O4沉淀;活性炭吸附Cu^(2+)、Cr^(3+)机理在于其在活性炭表面的离子交换吸附,去除Cu^(2+)的主要原因是H_(2)C_(2)O_(4)。且当草酸加入量和活性炭加入量为20 g/L时,再生磷酸活化液中Cu^(2+)、Cr^(3+)分别降低至23.85、12.98 mg/L。利用处理后磷酸电解活化铜板并进行表面镀覆,铜板表面腐蚀均匀,获得的镀层平整光滑、结晶致密,具有良好的表面活化效果。The regeneration and recycling of electroplating activation solution phosphoric acid is a key link in achieving green electroplating technology for crystallizer copper plates.The coupling mechanism between oxalic acid chemical precipitation and activated carbon adsorption was explored to remove copper and chromium from waste phosphoric acid.The coupling mechanism between oxalic acid chemical precipitation of Cu^(2+)and activated carbon adsorption of Cu^(2+)and Cr^(3+)was investigated.The results indicate that the mechanism of oxalic acid chemical precipitation lies in the coordination of two—COOH of Cu^(2+)and H_(2)C_(2)O_(4),forming stable CuC2O4 precipitation;The mechanism of activated carbon adsorption of Cu^(2+)and Cr^(3+)lies in its ion exchange adsorption on the surface of activated carbon,and the main reason for removing Cu^(2+)is H_(2)C_(2)O_(4).And when the addition amount of oxalic acid and activated carbon is 20 g/L,the Cu^(2+)and Cr^(3+)in the regenerated phosphoric acid activation solution decrease to 23.85 mg/L and 12.98 mg/L,respectively.After treatment,phosphoric acid electrolysis is used to activate the copper plate and surface coating is carried out.The corrosion on the surface of the copper plate is uniform,and the obtained coating is smooth,crystalline,and dense,with good surface activation effect.

关 键 词：废弃磷酸 化学沉淀 吸附 活性炭 电解活化 

分 类 号：X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程]