数字时代地缘政治权力的演化及影响  

The Evolution and Impact of Geopolitical Power in the Digital Age

作　　者：王越 徐秀军[2,3] Wang Yue;Xu Xiujun

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院中国式现代化研究院,北京100732 [3]中国社会科学院大学,北京100732

出　　处：《国际论坛》2025年第1期42-57,157,共17页International Forum

基　　金：“国家资助博士后研究人员计划”资助(资助编号:GZC20233099)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字技术颠覆性地影响着国家战略及国际关系进程,同时也加速改变着地缘政治权力范式,使国家间地缘关系呈现新形态与新特征。因此,有必要厘清数字时代背景下地缘政治权力的新变革及大国博弈的新形态,以更好地研判数字技术的战略性地位及其对世界格局演进的影响。传统地缘政治理论中的国家权力,强调地理空间和军事实力对国家对外政策的决定性影响,并且侧重海权、陆权和空权等某一特定地理空间的战略优势,空间权力以对抗和竞争关系为主。进入数字时代,在“对数字的竞争”和“经由数字的竞争”双重影响下,地缘政治竞争的权力疆域拓展至数字空间,抢占数字技术制高点成为大国竞争的主要目标。复合型地缘政治权力是对数字时代地缘政治新形态的总体概括,其指国家同时在地理和数字空间互动、采用传统和数字多种手段争夺各空间资源、追求权力最大化。由于数字地缘政治开辟了数字空间的权力竞争,因而是形成复合型地缘政治权力的基础;各空间、空间内部多领域的互联互通是复合型地缘政治权力的基本特征;相较于传统地缘政治的控制力,复合型地缘政治具有强大的赋能力。在复合型地缘政治权力的影响下,未来世界格局主要可能出现去中心化、再中心化和网络化三种趋势,其最终何去何从仍取决于各国人民的选择。Digital technology is having a disruptive impact on national strategy and international relations.It accelerates the shift in geopolitical power paradigms,leading to the emergence of new forms and characteristics in geopolitical relations.To assess the strategic role of digital technology and evaluate the impact on the evolution of the global pattern more accurately,it is essential to elaborate on the latest changes in geopolitical power and the emerging forms of great power competition.In traditional geopolitical theory,national power emphasizes the decisive impact of geographical space and military strength on a nation’s foreign policy.It concentrates on the strategic advantages of a specific geographical area,such as sea,land,and air power.Spatial power is dominated by confrontation and competition.However,in the age of digitalization,the power territory has extended from geographical space to digital space,and dominating the forefront of digital technology has emerged as the primary objective of great powers due to the combined impact of“competition for digital resources”and“competition through digital means.”Composite geopolitical power is a comprehensive characterization of the new forms of geopolitical dynamics in the digital age.It refers to the simultaneous interaction of sovereign power in both geographical and digital spaces,using a variety of traditional and digital methods to compete for resources across these spaces and pursue the maximization of power.Digital geopolitics has opened up a new area for power competition in the digital space,forming the foundation for composite geopolitical power.The interconnection across different spaces and within multiple domains of each space is a fundamental characteristic of composite geopolitical power.In contrast to traditional geopolitical control,composite geopolitics possesses significant empowering capabilities.Three main trends may shape the future power structure:decentralization,re-centralization,and networking under composite geopolitical pow

关 键 词：数字时代 数字地缘政治 复合型地缘政治权力 世界格局 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]