不同浸锌时间锌-铁-镍合金在铝基表面生长机制研究  

Study on the Growth Mechanism of Zinc⁃Iron⁃Nickel Alloy on Aluminum Substrate with Different Zinc Immersion Times

作　　者：毛志军 吴丹红 张昕琦 周杰 陈海波 郑精武 MAO Zhijun;WU Danhong;ZHANG Xinqi;ZHOU Jie;CHEN Haibo;ZHENG Jingwu(Zhejiang Apeloa Jiayuan Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.,Jinhua 322118,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江普洛家园药业有限公司,浙江金华322118 [2]浙江工业大学材料科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《材料保护》2025年第2期66-72,共7页Materials Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52101235);浙江省基础公益研究项目(LGG22E010010)。

摘　　要：为提高铝表面的浸锌合金层的结合力,对碱性溶液中纯铝表面生成锌-铁-镍合金置换层的反应机理进行探讨,并建立相应的成核模型。分别通过SEM和XRF分析不同浸锌时间和浸锌温度下锌合金置换层的形貌和成分。结果表明,在浸镀反应初期,铁和镍优于锌在铝表面的催化活性点形成晶核,而反应后期锌配位化合物解离并吸附在已生成晶核的铝表面,使铁和镍晶核成长减缓,而锌的成核和长大占据优势,显示异常共沉积现象。在异常共沉积阶段,锌合金置换层按“点-线-面”模式在铝表面逐渐生长,即先在活性点生成晶核,然后相邻的晶核长大成线形颗粒,然后在线形颗粒边缘或凹凸处又生成第2层晶核,这样层层重叠生长,使置换层致密、厚度增加,并逐步覆盖铝基体。初期反应生成的细小晶核数量是快速生成薄而致密的浸锌层的关键。In order to improve the adhesion of the zinc alloy coating on the surface of aluminum,the reaction mechanism of the Zn⁃Fe⁃Ni alloy replacement layer formed on the surface of pure aluminum in alkaline solution was discussed,and a corresponding nucleation model was established.The morphology and composition of the zinc alloy replacement layer under varying zinc immersion times and zinc immersion temper⁃atures were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and X⁃ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF)respectively.Results showed that in the early stage of the immersion plating reaction,iron and nickel are superior to zinc in forming crystal nuclei at the catalytic active points on the surface of aluminum,while in the later stage of the reaction,zinc coordination compounds dissociated and adsorbed onto the aluminum sur⁃face,where crystal nuclei had already formed,thereby slowing down the growth of iron and nickel crystal nuclei,while nucleation and growth of zinc dominated,displaying an abnormal co⁃deposition phenomenon.During the abnormal co⁃deposition stage,the zinc alloy replacement lay⁃er gradually grew on the aluminum surface in a“point⁃line⁃plane”mode.That is,crystal nuclei were first generated at the active sites,fol⁃lowed by the growth of adjacent crystal nuclei into linear particles,and then a second layer of crystal nuclei was generated at the edges or con⁃cave⁃convex areas of the linear particles.This overlapping growth of layers caused the replacement layer to become denser,thicker,and to gradually cover the aluminum substrate.The number of fine crystal nuclei generated in the initial reaction is the key to the rapid formation of thin and dense zinc immersion layer.

关 键 词：浸锌合金 纯铝 异常共沉积 成核模型 

分 类 号：TG174.443[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]