输送管内表面高速激光熔覆铁基合金的组织与性能研究  

Study on the Microstructure and Performance of Iron⁃Based Alloy Coatings on the Inner Surface of Conveying Pipes via High⁃Speed Laser Cladding

作　　者：罗衡 严宗亮 阚超玉 杨驰骋 张自琪 陈子鹏 LUO Heng;YAN Zongliang;KAN Chaoyu;YANG Chicheng;ZHANG Ziqi;CHEN Zipeng(Xinjiang Xianghe New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hami 839099,China;Xinxing Cast Pipe Fukang Energy Co.,Ltd.,Changji 831500,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆湘和新材料科技有限公司,新疆哈密839099 [2]新兴铸管阜康能源有限公司,新疆昌吉831500

出　　处：《材料保护》2025年第2期123-130,共8页Materials Protection

基　　金：丝绸之路经济带创新驱动发展试验区、乌昌石国家自主创新示范区科技发展计划项目(2022LQ01006);新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金地州科学基金项目(2022D01F43)。

摘　　要：为了解决输送管在使用过程中管壁受冲击磨损导致失效的问题,利用高速激光熔覆技术(HLC),以输送管常用材料20CrMo钢为基材,在其表面制备JG-3铁基涂层。对HLC制备的JG-3铁基涂层的表面形貌、微观组织、物相组成及枝晶和枝晶间的元素分布、涂层硬度、耐磨损性能进行检测分析,并与常规激光熔覆(LC)制得的涂层进行对比。结果表明:高速激光熔覆涂层窄而薄,因此HLC涂层表面多道搭接痕迹不明显,宏观表面更加平整,HLC涂层的表面粗糙度较LC涂层降低了49%。HLC涂层内部无明显缺陷,元素过渡区域小,涂层和基材产生了良好的冶金结合,并形成较低的稀释率,微观组织结构致密且自下而上呈平面晶-柱状晶-胞晶的转变;而LC涂层有气孔,组织粗大且生长方向杂乱。HLC涂层的物相与LC涂层相同。HLC涂层的平均显微硬度达到837.4 HV_(0.2),是LC涂层的平均显微硬度的1.33倍。此外,在同等摩擦磨损条件下,涂层磨损失重量为6.2 mg,约为LC涂层的30%,基体的13%。利用高速激光熔覆技术制备的JG-3铁基涂层较常规激光熔覆技术明显提高了输送管的表面性能,能够有效延长其使用寿命。本工作为改善输送管表面耐磨性能提供了一种新思路。In order to address the issue of wall failure due to impact abrasion during the use of conveying pipes,a high⁃speed laser cladding(HLC)technique was employed to prepare a JG⁃3 iron⁃based coating on 20CrMo steel,a commonly used material for conveying pipes.The surface morphology,microstructure,phase composition,elemental distribution between dendrites and interdendritic regions,coating hardness and wear resistance of the JG⁃3 iron⁃based coating prepared by HLC were analyzed and compared with coatings produced by conventional laser cladding(LC).Results showed that the HLC coating was narrow and thin,with less noticeable overlapping tracks on its surface.The macro surface was smoother,and the surface roughness of the HLC coating was reduced by 49%compared to the LC coating.No significant defects were observed within the coating,the transition zone between elements was small,and a good metallurgical bond was formed between the coating and the substrate with a low dilution rate. The microstructure was dense and transitioned from planar crystals to columnar crystals to cellularcrystals from bottom to top. In contrast, the conventional laser cladding coating had pores, coarse structure, and disordered growth directions.Although the high⁃speed laser cladding technique did not change the phase composition of the coating, the content of the γ (Ni⁃Cr⁃Fe) solidsolution phase formed in the coating was significantly increased, which resulted in an average microhardness of the HLC coating reaching 837.4HV_(0.2), which was 1.33 times that of the LC coating. Furthermore, under the same friction and wear conditions, the weight loss of the HLC coat⁃ing was 6.2 mg, approximately 30% of the LC coating and 13% of the substrate. Compared with the conventional laser cladding technology, theJG⁃3 iron ⁃ based coating prepared by the high ⁃ speed laser cladding technique significantly improved the surface performance of conveyingpipes, effectively extending their service life. This work provides a new approach to i

关 键 词：高速激光熔覆 JG-3铁基涂层 显微组织 硬度 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]