有组织利用公民个人信息侵犯虚拟财产的刑法规制--以“叶某等涉嫌侵犯公民个人信息案”为例  

Criminal Law Regulation of Organized Use of Citizens'Personal Information to Infringe upon Virtual Property

作　　者：敬力嘉 JING Lijia

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院 [2]武汉大学网络治理研究院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2025年第1期215-225,共11页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“毒品犯罪智慧预防体系构建研究”(项目批准号:23CFX062)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在当前的信息网络时代,有组织非法利用公民个人信息侵犯他人虚拟财产的行为常见多发。基于我国刑法中三种程度递进的组织化判断标准,依据案件既有证据难以认定为犯罪集团的,若犯罪团伙符合核心参与者固定、具备清晰层级化结构且围绕同一目标分工协作等标准,可将其认定为符合刑法所要求最低限度组织特征的犯罪组织,应对该组织实施的犯罪行为一体评价。依据案件既有证据难以厘清该犯罪组织成员所掌握公民个人信息来源时,难以简单依据行为人掌握公民个人信息的事实,推定相应行为人“窃取”与“非法获取”公民个人信息的行为事实的存在,难以认定此类行为具备侵犯公民个人信息罪所要求的实质不法内涵。依据案件既有证据难以认定犯罪组织实际控制人“非法控制”的行为事实时,难以认定该犯罪组织实施的行为成立非法控制计算机信息系统罪。基于对网络虚拟财产所具备财产属性的确认,以及我国刑法中的构成要件应当包括行为类型与罪量标准的认识,在盗窃罪罪量标准尚未更新时,适用非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪规制犯罪组织窃取网络虚拟财产的行为,是符合罪刑法定原则的次优解。In such information network era,there is a frequent occurrence of organized illegal use of citizens'personal information to infringe upon others'virtual property.Based on the three progressive organizational judgment standards in the Chinese Criminal Law,if the criminal gang cannot be identified as a criminal organization based on the existing evidence,if the core participants are fixed,and if it meets the criteria of having fixed core participants,a clear hierarchical structure,and division of labor around the same goal,it can be recognized as a criminal organization that meets the minimum organizational requirements stipulated by the Criminal Law,and the criminal acts committed by the organization should be evaluated as a whole.When it is difficult to clarify the source of citizens'personal information possessed by the members of the criminal organization based on the existing evidence,it is difficult to simply infer the existence of the"theft"and"illegal acquisition"of citizens'personal information based on the fact that the relevant party possesses citizens'personal information.It is difficult to recognize such behavior as having the substantive illegality required by the crime of illegally obtaining citizens'personal information.When it is difficult to recognize the fact that the actual controller of the criminal organization illegally controls the computer information system,it is difficult to recognize that the criminal organization's actions constitute the crime of illegally controlling a computer information system.Based on the recognition of the property nature of network virtual property and the understanding that the elements of the crime should include both types of behavior and the standard of guilt,applying the crime of illegally obtaining computer information system data to regulate the theft of network virtual property by criminal organizations is a suboptimal solution that complies with the principle of crime and punishment when the standard of guilt for theft has not been updated.

关 键 词：犯罪组织 侵犯公民个人信息罪 网络虚拟财产 盗窃罪 非法获取计算机信息系统数据罪 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]