患者个人信息保护的现实困境与完善进路  

The Real Dilemmas of Protecting Patient's Personal Information and the Path to Improvement

作　　者：王晓晓 WANG Xiaoxiao

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学法学院

出　　处：《中国政法大学学报》2025年第1期226-237,共12页Journal Of CUPL

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“毒品犯罪智慧预防体系构建研究”(项目批准号:23CFX062)的阶段性成果;中南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:CSQ24027)。

摘　　要：在就医实名制与智慧医疗服务得到迅速推广的背景下,医疗机构关联从业者对患者个人信息的不法处理显著妨害了患者的个人信息权益。患者个人信息范围较广,包括一般个人信息与作为敏感个人信息的医疗健康信息。在现实的诊疗场景中,患者个人信息保护面临患者个人信息被过度收集,提供、出售患者个人信息违背知情同意原则,以及非法使用患者个人信息的行为缺乏规制等困境。需通过遵循最小必要原则限缩医疗机构收集患者个人信息的范围,保障患者对提供、出售其个人信息的知情同意,以及完善非法使用患者个人信息规制路径等方式突破前述困境,完善对于患者个人信息的法律保护机制。In the context of the rapid promotion of real-name medical services and the smart medical services,the illegal processing of patient personal information by medical institution-related practitioners has significantly impeded the personal information rights of patients.The scope of patient personal information is broad,including general personal information and sensitive personal health information.In the real clinical scenario,the protection of patient personal information faces the dilemma of excessive collection,provision and sale of patient personal information,violating the principle of informed consent,and the lack of regulation of illegal use of patient personal information.It is necessary to break through the above dilemma by adhering to the principle of minimal necessity to limit the scope of personal information collected by medical institutions,ensuring that patients are informed and consent to the provision and sale of their personal information,and improving the regulatory pathway for the illegal use of patient personal information,in order to improve the legal protection mechanism for patient personal information.

关 键 词：患者个人信息 最小必要 知情同意 非法使用 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]