走向数字外交还是外交数字化?——数字时代外交转型的逻辑与限度  

Towards Digital Diplomacy or Digitization of Diplomacy?--The Logic and Limits of Diplomatic Transformation in the Digital Age

作　　者：封帅[1,2] 叶凯娜 薛世锟 Feng Shuai;Ye Kaina;Xue Shikun

机构地区：[1]上海国际问题研究院国际战略与安全研究所 [2]华东师范大学俄罗斯研究中心 [3]上海国际问题研究院

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2025年第1期61-80,162,共21页Russian,East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“人工智能全球治理进程与中国参与路径研究”(24BGJ004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：数字技术的飞速发展持续冲击着人类社会,自然也对外交领域产生了影响。但相对于其他很多领域业已发生的深层次变革,外交的传统模式展现出了强大的韧性。由于外交的本质内生于现代国际社会,外交概念又包含着复杂的多维度结构,所以对外部要素的冲击具有更强的抵抗力。数字技术首先作为一种方法和工具,从内容维度上与外交形成交集,并逐渐扩散到主体维度,推动了外交内容与形态的变化。从2001年至今,数字技术的发展先后造就了三轮外交数字化转型浪潮,有效地提升了外交活动的数字化水平。然而,即便如此,数字技术的影响力在理论上仍无法与更接近外交本质的诸多维度产生联结,在实践上也依然要作为传统外交模式的辅助或特殊状态下的备份有限度地发挥作用。世界正在步入的是可以被称之为“混合外交”的新阶段,要以此为背景理解外交行为和制定外交政策。外交领域的颠覆性变革是否会出现,还需要研究者对数字技术与国际社会的内在关联进行持续的观察与研究。The rapid development of digital technology continues to impact human society,and naturally,it has also had an impact on the field of diplomacy.Nevertheless,in comparison to the substantial changes that have already occurred in numerous other fields,the conventional model of diplomacy has demonstrated remarkable resilience.Thanks to the nature of diplomacy,which is inherent in the modern international community,and the complex multidimensional structure of the concept of diplomacy,it is more resistant to the impact of external factors.Digital technology first intersected with diplomacy from the content dimension as a method and tool,and gradually spread to the subject dimension,promoting changes in the content and form of diplomacy.From 2001to the present,the development of digital technology has created three waves of digital transformation in diplomacy,thereby effectively improving the digitalization of diplomatic activities.Nevertheless,the influence of digital technology remains largely inchoate about the numerous dimensions that are more closely associated with the essence of diplomacy.In practice,its role remains marginal as an aid to the traditional model of diplomacy or as a backup in special circumstances.The world is entering a new phase that can be termed‘hybrid diplomacy',and it is imperative that diplomatic behavior be comprehended and that foreign policy be formulated against this background.The potential for disruptive changes in diplomacy remains to be ascertained,and researchers are required to continue observing and studying the intrinsic relationship between digital technology and the international community.

关 键 词：外交形态 数字技术 数字外交 外交数字化 外交转型 外交学 混合外交 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]