沿空巷道围岩变形破坏特征及控制技术研究  

Research on deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock in roadway along goaf and control techniques

作　　者：王永涛 谢中辉 余江 马宏发[2] 金淋淋 汪锋 孙文亮 陈方明 WANG Yongtao;XIE Zhonghui;YU Jiang;MA Hongfa;JIN Linlin;WANG Feng;SUN Wenliang;CHEN Fangming(Shandong Energy Group Xibei Mining Co Ltd,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China;College of Energy and Mining Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]山东能源集团西北矿业有限公司,陕西西安710018 [2]山东科技大学能源与矿业工程学院,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2025年第1期161-171,共11页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52404132);山东省泰山学者工程专项经费项目(tsqn202312195);山东省高等学校青创科技支持计划项目(2022KJ320);山东能源科技计划重大项目(SNKJ2022A15)。

摘　　要：针对亭南煤业某沿空巷道变形严重、支护困难等问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟及现场试验等方法,确定沿空巷道覆岩关键块断裂位置及内应力场分布范围,分析不同支护方案下巷道围岩变形特征,提出合理巷道支护优化措施。研究结果表明:沿空巷道布置于距采空侧煤壁16.12 m的内应力场范围内;关键块B在距采空侧煤壁14.07 m处断裂,断裂线位于实体煤上方;侧向支承压力在距采空侧煤壁0~17 m内为应力降低区,并在14 m处达到峰值。在原支护方案下,巷道受关键块B回转下沉影响,顶板以拉伸破坏为主,最大下沉量为311 mm;两帮以剪切破坏为主,煤柱帮塑性区范围大于实体煤帮;煤柱帮中上区域破坏最为严重,水平位移最大为386 mm,实体煤帮水平位移最大为332 mm,巷道变形呈两侧非对称形态。基于沿空巷道破坏特征提出“高强锚杆索配合锚网、钢带”联合支护优化措施,现场监测结果表明,该方案可有效控制围岩变形,满足安全生产需求。In response to the serious deformation and support difficulties of the roadway along goaf in Tingnan Coal Industry,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and on-site experiments were used to determine the fracture position of the key block of overburden and the distribution range of internal stress field in the roadway along goaf.Meanwhile,the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock in the roadway under different support schemes were analyzed,and a reasonable measure for roadway support optimization were proposed.The following research results were yielded.The roadway along goaf is ar-ranged within the internal stress field range of 16.12 m away from the goaf-side coal wall.The key block B fractures at a distance of 14.07 m from the goaf-side coal wall,with the fracture line located above the solid coal.The lateral abutment pressure lies in a stress reduction zone that is 0-17 m from the goafside coal wall,and it reaches the peak value at 14 m.Under the original support scheme,the roadway is affected by the rotational sinking of key block B,and the roof is mainly subjected to tensile failure,the maximum sinking amount being 311 mm.The two sides are mainly subjected to shear failure,and the plastic zone of the coal pillar side is larger than that of the solid coal side.The upper and middle areas on the coal pillar side,which are most severely damaged,undergo a maximum horizontal displacement of 386 mm,while the solid coal side experiences a maximum horizontal displacement of 332 mm.Overall,the two sides of the roadway deform asymmetrically.Based on the above characteristics of failure in the roadway along goaf,a reasonable measure for roadway support optimization,namely,“high-strength anchor cables combined with anchor nets and steel belts”,was put forward.The on-site monitoring results indicate that this scheme can effectively control the deformation of surrounding rock and meet the requirements of safe production.

关 键 词：沿空巷道 围岩变形 内应力场 数值模拟 支护技术 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]