基于能量耗散的高强度开采覆岩裂断损伤表征方法  

Characterization method of overburden fracture damage in high-intensity mining based on energy dissipation

作　　者：杨玉亮 赵毅鑫[1] 张村[1] 马健起 韩鹏华 YANG Yuliang;ZHAO Yixin;ZHANG Cun;MA Jianqi;HAN Penghua(School of Energy and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;School of Coal Engineering,Shanxi Datong University,Datong,Shanxi 037003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083 [2]山西大同大学煤炭工程学院,山西大同037003

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2025年第1期203-217,共15页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52225402,U1910206);山西省自然科学基金项目(20210302123336);山西省哲学社会科学规划课题项目(2023YY261)。

摘　　要：采用理论分析及数值模拟方法,提出了基于能量耗散的采动损伤量化表征指标,将煤层直至地表的整个覆岩结构视为一个系统,不再考虑覆岩裂断损伤的内部运动及破坏过程,只分析能量耗散区的空间形态及破坏最终状态。首先基于能量守恒定律构建二维平面的能量耗散理论模型,建立覆岩裂断损伤的评价指标体系;其次根据有限差分理论推导了工程岩体开挖的能量耗散的有限差分方程式,采用FISH语言将其应用于FLAC^(3D)应变软化本构模型;最后将二次开发的能量耗散数值模块应用于布尔台42107工作面,结合损伤度指标量化分析回采工作面开采参数的尺度效应,实现开采工艺参数优化对减损效果的评价。结果表明:覆岩损伤度随工作面长度、采高、埋深及推进速度的增加均呈“S”形发育。最终确定了工作面合理开采参数及推进速度,并通过实测矿压数据进行了验证。研究结果不仅可量化评估工程岩体区域稳定状态及精准判断损伤范围,同时弥补了FLAC^(3D)软件采用塑性区定性判断地下工程围岩破坏时的不足。In this study,an indicator for quantitatively characterizing mining-induced damage based on energy dissipation is proposed by means of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.By regarding the entire overburden structure from a coal seam to the surface as a system,the internal movement and failure process of overburden fracture damage is no longer considered,and only the spatial morphology and final failure state of the energy dissipation zone are analyzed.First,a theoretical model of energy dissipation on a two-dimensional plane was constructed based on the law of conservation of energy,and an evaluation indicator system of overburden fracture damage was established.Moreover,the finite difference equation of energy dissipation in engineering rock excavation was derived in the light of the finite difference theory and then incorporated into the FLAC^(3D)strain softening constitutive model using FISH language.Finally,the further developed numerical module for energy dissipation was applied to the 42107 working face in Buertai Coal Mine.In the application,the scale effect of mining parameters of the working face was quantified in combination with the proposed quantitative characterization indicator,so as to evaluate the damage reduction effect of mining parameter optimization.The results disclose that the damage degree of overburden develops in an“S”shape with the increases in the length,advancing speed,burial depth,and mining height of the working face.Eventually,the reasonable mining parameters and the advancing speed of the working face were determined.Additionally,these parameters were verified with measured mine pressure data.The research findings not only contribute to quantitatively evaluating the regional stability of engineering rock mass and accurately judging the damage range,but also make up for the shortage of FLAC^(3D)software when it uses the plastic zone to qualitatively judge the surrounding rock failure of underground projects.

关 键 词：能量耗散 高强度开采 裂断损伤 损伤度 FLAC^(3D) 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]