全球关键矿产供应链调整下日本资源外交新动向  

New Trends in Japan's Resource Diplomacy under Global Critical Mineral Supply Chain Adjustments

作　　者：徐博[1] 张君达 Xu Bo;Zhang Junda

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心 [2]吉林大学东北亚学院

出　　处：《日本学刊》2025年第1期42-74,150,共34页Japanese Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“增长与平衡视角下收缩型城市融入双循环路径研究”(编号:21AJL006)。

摘　　要：全球关键矿产供应链正经历深刻调整,产业结构转型、资源政策收紧、大国战略博弈等因素通过技术进步、供求失衡、全球治理等传导机制,引发供应链在空间布局、供求关系、利益格局等方面出现深刻演化。日本作为关键矿产消费大国,面临资源保障、产业升级和经济安全三大冲击。为应对挑战,日本政府开展“精细化”资源外交,聚焦与美加在电池矿产领域的深度合作,参与沙特矿业开发并探讨第三国投资合作,推动与非洲南部国家的矿产权益合作,利用多边机制倡导关键矿产节约与回收利用技术合作等。这些行动不仅是日本在经济与安全双重压力下试图强化资源供应链韧性的现实选择,也凸显其在大国博弈背景下肩负维系美国主导的国际秩序并谋求自身战略自主的多重角色。日本既是全球关键矿产供应链调整的被动接受者,又是这一进程的推动者,在市场逻辑与权力政治交织驱动下不断寻求战略转型与突围。The global supply chains for critical minerals are undergoing profound adjustments,driven by factors such as industrial transformation,tightened resource policies,and major power strategic competition.These dynamics,transmitted through mechanisms like technological advancement,supply-demand imbalances,and global governance,are causing spatial restructuring,shifts in supply-demand relationships,and changes in interest configurations across the supply chain.As a major consumer of critical minerals,Japan faces three major challenges:securing resources,upgrading industries,and ensuring economic security.To address these challenges,the Japanese government has adopted a"refined"approach to resource diplomacy.This includes deepening cooperation with the United States and Canada in the battery minerals sector,engaging in Saudi Arabian mining development while exploring third-country investment opportunities,promoting mineral rights collaborations with Southern African nations,and leveraging multilateral mechanisms to advocate for collaboration on critical mineral conservation and recycling technologies.These initiatives represent Japan's practical response to strengthen supply chain resilience under dual economic and security pressures.They also highlight Japan's dual role in the context of great power competition:maintaining the U.S.-led international order while pursuing its strategic autonomy.Japan is both a passive recipient and an active driver in the global critical mineral supply chain adjustments.Guided by the interplay of market logic and power politics,it continues to seek strategic transformation and breakthroughs.

关 键 词：关键矿产供应链 大国竞争 资源外交 经济安全 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学] F114[政治法律—外交学]