唐初对西州的治理——基于“来丰案卷”的探析  

Governance of Xizhou during the Early Tang Dynasty——An Analysis Based on the“Laifeng Case Files”

作　　者：孙丽萍 Sun Liping

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区博物馆,830000

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2024年第4期111-122,219,共13页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“吐鲁番出土文书再整理与研究”(ZDA183)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：吐鲁番出土文书“来丰案卷”由门陁辩辞、官府判词和坊正辩辞三部分组成,重新缀合后官府判词在前,门陁辩辞和坊正辩辞是对官府判词的回应,在案卷中位于判词之后。从唐初辩辞形式、来丰案卷内容和出土墓志来看,备受学界争议的节义坊是居民里坊,且是武城城中之坊。西州的坊制属于中原制度,而非沿用高昌旧制。来丰和何射门陁疑为胡人,唐朝早期胡人广泛参与西州治理及西域经营活动。唐太宗对胡人“爱之如一”,西州官府对胡人的态度可能受朝廷影响,但唐太宗“华夷论”的提出,也不排除其受到了西域胡汉交融历史与现实的影响。The Turpan unearthed document known as the“Laifeng Case Files(来丰案卷)”consists of three parts:a defense statement by Mentuo(门陁辩辞),an official verdict by the government(官府判词),and a defense statement by Fangzheng(坊正辩辞).After reassembling the fragments,the official verdict appears first,followed by the defense statements of Mentuo and Fangzheng,which are responses to the verdict.Based on the format of early Tang defense statements,the content of the Laifeng case files,and inscriptions found on unearthed tombstones,it can be inferred that the controversial Jieyi Fang(节义坊)was indeed a residential neighborhood within Wucheng city.The neighborhood system(坊制)in Xizhou was based on the model from the Central Plains rather than continuing the old system from Gaochang.Both Laifeng and Heshe Mentuo are suspected to be of non-Han ethnicity(胡人),suggesting that during the early Tang period,people of non-Han origin were widely involved in the governance of Xizhou and commercial activities in the Western Regions.Emperor Taizong of Tang treated these non-Han people with equal affection.The attitude of the Xizhou government toward non-Han people may have been influenced by the central court.However,Emperor Taizong's concept of“Huayi Lun”suggests that his views were also shaped by the historical and contemporary realities of ethnic integration in the Western Regions.

关 键 词：来丰案卷 西州 坊制 胡人 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]