高温富水隧道弱风化片麻岩力学特性试验研究  

Experimental study on mechanical properties of weakly weathered gneiss in high temperature water-rich tunnel

作　　者：唐宇[1] 阳军生[1] 郑响凑 童甲修 汤冲 TANG Yu;YANG Junsheng;ZHENG Xiangcou;TONG Jiaxiu;TANG Chong(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 411075,China;China Railway No.5 Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙411075 [2]中铁五局集团有限公司,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2025年第1期128-139,共12页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52308425,52378422)。

摘　　要：为揭示高温水对微风化片麻岩特性的影响规律,开展不同高温水浴条件下片麻岩单轴压缩及巴西劈裂试验,分析高温水浴条件下片麻岩力学特性及宏观破坏特征的演化机制,并结合声发射、X射线衍射(XRD)和电镜扫描试验(SEM)等手段,探明片麻岩破坏的微观机制。试验结果表明:高温水浴对片麻岩力学特性具有显著的弱化作用,随着水浴时间和温度的增加,力学特性受影响越显著;高温水浴影响了片麻岩的破坏模式,在常温未水浴、60℃以及92.6℃水浴条件下,随着水浴时间的增加,片麻岩的破坏模式由单斜面剪切破坏演变为压缩锥形剪切破坏,最终演变为伴随张拉裂纹衍生的剪切破坏;相较于常温水浸泡,高温水加速了片麻岩力学特性的弱化效应。上述研究可为类似高温富水隧道施工与灾害防控提供必要的理论支撑和工程指导。To investigate the impact of high-temperature water on gneiss characteristics,the uniaxial compression and Brazilian splitting tests under various high-temperature water bath conditions were performed.Subsequently,the evolution mechanisms of mechanical properties and macroscopic failure characteristics of gneiss were analyzed.Meanwhile,the acoustic emission(AE)monitoring technology,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were utilized to explore the microscopic mechanism of rock failure.The experimental findings reveal that high-temperature water baths significantly diminish the mechanical properties of gneiss,with a more pronounced effect observed with increased water bath time and temperature.Additionally,the failure mode of rocks is also impacted.As the water bath time increases,the failure mode of gneiss transitions from single oblique shear failure to compressive conical shear failure and eventually to shear failure accompanied by tensile cracks,under the conditions of no water bath at room temperature,water bath at 60℃and 92.6℃.Moreover,high-temperature water accelerates the weakening effect of the mechanical properties of gneiss compared with room temperature water immersion.This research provides essential theoretical support and engineering guidance for tunnel construction and disaster prevention in high-temperature water environments.

关 键 词：岩石力学 高温水 片麻岩 力学特性 宏观破坏特征 微观破坏机制 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]