生物炭基菌剂的制备及应用效果研究  

Research on the preparation and application effect of biochar-based bacterial agent

作　　者：刘月芹[1] 马泉 陈风 刘啸尘 LIU Yueqin;MA Quan;CHEN Feng;LIU Xiaochen(College of Life Science,Yan’an University,Yan’an 716000,Shaanxi,China;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,陕西延安716000 [2]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安工程大学学报》2025年第1期26-32,共7页Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22268045)。

摘　　要：为了增强磷细菌菌剂的应用效果,通过添加不同量的玉米秸秆生物炭(corn stover biochar,CSB)与溶磷菌(phosphate-solubilizing bacteria,PSB)菌液制备溶磷菌生物炭基菌剂,以OD_(600)和有效活菌数为指标分析生物炭基菌剂的制备条件。通过盆栽实验,考察生物炭基菌剂对小麦生长性能和土壤理化性质的影响。结果表明:当生物炭的添加量为0.16%时,制备的生物炭基菌剂的OD 600显著提高,有效活菌数高达8.37 CFU/pL,比CK1(无CSB)组提高了3.3倍。生物炭基菌剂T组(CSB+PSB)能有效促进小麦的生长,施加菌剂四周后,株高、叶绿素含量及根系活力比CK1组分别提高了(10.25±0.62)%、(67.69±4.21)%和(49.58±3.73)%。同时,生物炭基菌剂还有效改善了土壤性能,土壤速效氮、土壤速效磷、S-CAT以及脲酶酶活,比CK1组分别提高了(31.81±2.25)%、(50.71±4.58)%、(30.89±1.43)%和(44.26±3.84)%。单独施加生物炭的CK2(CSB)组的各项指标稍高于CK1组。添加定量的生物炭对小麦的生长及土壤性能的改善效果明显,但以生物炭为载体制备的溶磷菌生物炭基菌剂则能更有效地提高土壤肥力进而增强小麦的促生性能。In order to further improve the effectiveness of phosphorus bacteria agents,phosphate solubilizing bacteria(PSB)biochar-based microbial agents were prepared by adding different amounts of corn stover biochar(CSB)in PSB solution.The preparation conditions of the biochar-based microbial agents were analyzed using OD 600 and effective viable bacterial count as indicators.Through pot experiments,the effect of biochar-based microbial agent on wheat growth performance and soil physicochemical properties were investigated.The results showed that when the addition amount of biochar was 0.16%,the OD 600 of the prepared biochar-based microbial agent significantly increased,and the effective viable cell count reached 8.37 CFU/pL,which was 3.3 times higher than the CK1(without CSB)group.Biochar-based microbial agent T group(CSB+PSB)could effectively promote the growth of wheat after four weeks of application,the plant height,chlorophyll content,and root activity increased by(10.25±0.62)%,(67.69±4.21)%,and(49.58±3.73)%,respectively,compared to the CK1 group.At the same time,biochar-based microbial agents effectively improved soil properties,with soil available nitrogen,soil available phosphorus,soil catalase,and urease activities increasing by(31.81±2.25)%,(50.71±4.58)%,(30.89±1.43)%,and(44.26±3.84)%,respectively,compared to the CK1 group.The CK2(with CSB)group treated with biochar alone showed slightly higher indicators than the CK1 group.Adding a certain amount of biochar had a certain effect on improving wheat growth and soil properties,but the phosphorus solubilizing bacteria biochar-based microbial agent prepared with biochar as a carrier could more effectively improve soil fertility and enhance wheat growth promotion performance,providing a theoretical basis for further research and development of microbial agents.

关 键 词：生物炭 溶磷菌 生物炭基菌剂 土壤性能 促生性能 

分 类 号：TQ446.3[化学工程—化学肥料工业]