2023年甘肃积石山Ms 6.2地震同震滑坡和建筑物损毁情况应急识别与影响因素研究  

Emergency Identification and Influencing Factor Analysis of Coseismic Landslides and Building Damages Induced by the 2023 Ms 6.2 Jishishan(Gansu,China)Earthquake

作　　者：陈博 宋闯[1,2,4] 陈毅 李振洪 余琛[1,2,4] 刘海辉 江辉 刘振江 蔡兴敏 能懿菡 朱双 杜建涛 李祖锋 赵志祥 李素菊[6] 朱武[1,2,4] 彭建兵[1,2,7] CHEN Bo;SONG Chuang;CHEN Yi;LI Zhenhong;YU Chen;LIU Haihui;JIANG Hui;LIU Zhenjiang;CAI Xingmin;NAI Yihan;ZHU Shuang;DU Jiantao;LI Zufeng;ZHAO Zhixiang;LI Suju;ZHU Wu;PENG Jianbing(College of Geological Engineering and Geomatics,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Loess,Xi'an 710054,China;Big Data Center for Geosciences and Satellites(BDCGS),Chang'an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Mineral Resource and Geological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Xi'an 710054,China;PowerChina Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi'an 710065,China;National Disaster Reduction Center of China,Beijing 100124,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Geology and Disaster Prevention,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,陕西西安710054 [2]黄土科学全国重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]长安大学地学与卫星大数据研究中心,陕西西安710054 [4]西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [5]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [6]应急管理部国家减灾中心,北京100124 [7]自然资源部生态地质与灾害防控重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2025年第2期322-332,共11页Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1512000);陕西省科技创新团队(2021TD-51);陕西省地学大数据与地质灾害防治创新团队(2022);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(300102260301,300102261108);国家自然科学基金(42304029)。

摘　　要：2023‑12‑18,甘肃积石山县发生Ms 6.2地震,地震诱发了大量的同震滑坡,并导致建筑物不同程度损毁,造成了严重的人员伤亡和经济损失。及时获取同震滑坡易发性、应急识别同震滑坡并分析其影响因素以及定量评估建筑物损毁情况,对灾后的应急救援和恢复重建至关重要。基于支持向量机算法获取了积石山地震同震滑坡易发性空间分布,同时通过震前、震后的高分辨率光学卫星影像对同震滑坡进行了应急识别,并探讨了地震、地形地貌和人类活动等因素对同震滑坡的影响。此外,利用多时相合成孔径雷达干涉测量相干性变化方法获取了地震建筑物损毁代理图(building damage proxy map,BDPM)。结果表明,此次积石山Ms 6.2地震通过卫星遥感解译出同震滑坡共3767处,总面积9.67 km^(2),多为黄土滑坡,主要分布在高程1900~2200 m、坡度20°~40°、坡向SE、距断层10 km和距水系2.2 km之内,黄土放大效应明显。研究团队震后第一时间开展野外考察,实地确认了59处同震滑坡,验证了遥感识别结果的准确性;BDPM结果表明,震区大河家镇和官亭镇建筑物损毁最为严重。上述研究成果为震后恢复重建和地震次生灾害评估提供了重要的数据支撑。Objective:On 18th December 2023,an Ms 6.2 earthquake struck Jishishan County,Gansu Province,China,which triggered a large number of coseismic landslides and caused varying degrees of buildings damage,leading to serious casualties and economic losses.Timely acquisition of the coseismic landslide susceptibility,emergency identification of coseismic landslides and building damage,as well as analysis of influencing factors related to coseismic landslides,are crucial for post-disaster emergency rescue and recovery efforts.Methods:The support vector machine algorithm was employed to acquire the spatial probability distribution of coseismic landslide susceptibility in the Jishishan earthquake.Emergency identification of coseismic landslides was conducted using high-resolution optical satellite imagery before and after the earthquake.Furthermore,a comprehensive analysis was undertaken by analyzing the impact of seismic,topographic,geomorphic,and human activity factors on coseismic landslides.Additionally,by using the multi-temporal interferometric synthetic aperture radar coherence change method,a building damage proxy map(BDPM)was generated to assess earthquake-induced structural damage.Results:The Ms 6.2 Jishishan Earthquake triggered 3767 coseismic landslides in the region with an area of 9.67 km^(2).The majority of these landslides were composed of loess and were predominantly occurred in the region with an elevations range of 1900-2200 m,slope range of 20°-40°,southeast orientation,locating approximately 10 km from faults and 2.2 km from the river.The huge number of loess coseismic landslides reflects the evident amplification effect of loess.We conducted a field trip following the earthquake and confirmed 59 of those coseismic landslides,which verified the accuracy of the remote sensing identification results.In addition,BDPM results indicate that the towns of Dahejia and Guanting within the seismic zone experienced the most severe structural damage.Conclusions:These findings of this study provide crucial data su

关 键 词：2023年积石山地震 黄土同震滑坡 地震建筑物损毁代理图 滑坡易发性 滑坡影响因子 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]