当代欧美民粹主义政治根源研究探析  

A Theoretical Analysis of the Political Origins of Populism in Contemporary Europe and America

作　　者：马金易 王浦劬[1] MA Jin-yi;WANG Pu-qu

机构地区：[1]北京大学国家治理研究院/政府管理学院,北京100871

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期61-72,共12页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“美式民主的理论悖论与实践困境”(21&ZD160)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着民粹主义在欧美国家的活跃和发展,民粹主义的兴起根源分析再度成为政治学的焦点话题。相关研究表明,民粹主义孕育于西方大众民主与宪政民主之间的矛盾与冲突,体现着西方民主深层的内在悖论与结构性转型问题,蕴含着“委托—代理”关系下的代表性危机,从而在一定意义上显示着西方传统民主的困境和衰落。但是,相关研究限于唯心主义立场和形而上学认识论,没有深刻揭示民粹主义产生的根本原因,没有透彻分析民粹主义与资本逻辑及其政治制度之间的内在联系,更没有揭示民粹主义的发展趋势与出路。面对欧美国家民粹主义的活跃和民主政治的衰落,发掘西方学界有关民粹主义兴起的政治根源学术研究,把握其中折射的西方民粹主义政治本质,揭示西方民主政治的内在矛盾,不仅有利于深化西方政治哲学的研究,而且有助于人们提升对西方民主本质的认识。In recent years,as populism has become increasingly active and developed in European and American countries,analyzing the origins of its rise has once again become a central topic in political science.In fact,populism is rooted in the tension between democracy(with popular sovereignty)and constitutionalism.It embodies the deep-seated paradoxes and structural transformation challenges within Western democracy,encapsulating a crisis of representation under the“principal-agent”framework,and serving as a warning signal for the regression of traditional Western democracy.However,much of the existing research is limited by idealist views and metaphysical methodologies.It fails to identify the root causes of populism,analyze its ties to capitalist logic and political systems,or explore its future trends and solutions.By analyzing Western studies on the political origins of populism,we can better understand its essence,uncover the contradictions of Western democratic politics,and deepen research in Western political philosophy.This also helps to improve our understanding of the realities of Western democracy.

关 键 词：民粹主义 大众民主 西方民主悖论 

分 类 号：D082[政治法律—政治学]