上海市MSM HIV感染者自我管理现状及影响因素研究  

Self-management status and influencing factors among men who have sex with men living with HIV in Shanghai

作　　者：孙美艳[1,2] 潘燕云 何加敏 卢洪洲 张林[1] SUN Meiyan;PAN Yanyun;HE Jiamin;LU Hongzhou;ZHANG Lin(Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 201508,China;School of Nursing,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518112,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属公共卫生临床中心,上海201508 [2]复旦大学护理学院,上海200032 [3]南方科技大学第二附属医院,广东深圳518112

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2025年第1期75-80,共6页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：上海市护理学会科研基金(2022MS-B12);上海市护理学会优秀青年人才育苗计划(RC-2022-YM-01)。

摘　　要：目的调查上海市MSM HIV感染者自我管理水平现状,分析其影响因素,为后续构建提高MSM HIV感染者自我管理水平的干预方案提供依据。方法采用连续便利抽样方法选取2023年5-9月于上海市某艾滋病定点诊疗三甲医院门诊就诊的MSM HIV感染者作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、疾病相关信息表、HIV/AIDS患者自我管理量表进行调查,运用方差分析、独立样本t检验进行单因素分析,采用多元线性回归进行多因素分析。结果本研究共收集有效问卷481份,发现上海市MSM HIV感染者自我管理得分为(180.11±31.20)分,得分率为73.51%。多因素分析显示,无宗教信仰(95%CI:-17.57~-1.842)、治疗时间大于180天(95%CI:3.177~33.903)、无症状(95%CI:-13.06~-1.112)、每周运动1~3天(95%CI:3.373~15.188)及每周运动3天以上(95%CI:0.224~15.727)、不使用助眠药物(95%CI:-20.127~-0.847)、过去3个月未发生无保护性行为(95%CI:-14.867~-0.387)、服药依从性超过95%(95%CI:4.936~17.993)组患者自我管理得分更高。结论上海市MSM HIV感染者自我管理受多种因素影响,在后续制定提高MSM HIV感染者自我管理水平的干预方案时应考虑患者个体化因素,如宗教信仰、治疗时间及疾病严重程度等。Objective To investigate the current status of self-management among men who have sex with men(MSM)living with HIV in Shanghai,analyze the influencing factors,and provide a foundation for developing interventions aimed at improving self-management.Methods MSM living with HIV who attended outpatient services at a designated tertiary hospital in Shanghai from May to September 2023 were recruited using consecutive convenience sampling.Data were collected through a general information questionnaire,a disease-related information form,and the HIV/AIDS Patient Self-Management Scale.Univariate analyses were conducted using analysis of variance(ANOVA)and independent sample t-tests,while multivariate linear regression was utilized to identify the influencing factors.Results In total,481 valid questionnaires were collected.The average self-management score among MSM living with HIV in Shanghai was 180.11±31.20,with a scoring rate of 73.51%.Multivariate analysis revealed that higher self-management scores were associated with the following factors:absence of religious beliefs[95%CI:-17.57 to-1.842],treatment duration<180 days(95%CI:3.177 to 33.903),asymptomatic status(95%CI:-13.06 to-1.112),engaging in physical exercise 1–3 days per week(95%CI:3.373 to 15.188)or>3 days per week(95%CI:0.224 to 15.727),non-use of sleep aids(95%CI:-20.127 to-0.847),absence of unprotected sexual behavior in the past 3 months(95%CI:-14.867 to-0.387),and medication adherence>95%(95%CI:4.936 to 17.993).Conclusions Self-management among MSM living with HIV in Shanghai is influenced by various factors.Future interventions to enhance self-management should account for individualized factors such as religious beliefs,treatment duration,and disease severity.

关 键 词：艾滋病 艾滋病病毒 男男性行为者 自我管理 影响因素 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]