烧结矿竖冷装置物料流动与气流分布  

Material flow and airflow distribution in sinter vertical cooling device

作　　者：祁腾飞 陈国军[1] 张永杰[1] QI Tengfei;CHEN Guojun;ZHANG Yongjie(Central Research Institute,Baosteel Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201900,China)

机构地区：[1]宝山钢铁股份有限公司中央研究院,上海201900

出　　处：《钢铁》2025年第2期51-58,共8页Iron and Steel

摘　　要：为了研究炉型结构对烧结矿竖冷炉内气固流动的影响,以梅钢竖冷炉单料仓为基础,按10∶1比例缩小搭建了烧结矿竖冷试验装置,同时设计了文丘里炉型。分别从料层平均粒径分布、空隙率分布、运动流型分布以及气流分布角度展开试验研究。结果表明,使用现有炉型,料层平均粒径呈下料点附近较小而边壁区和中间区较大分布,且沿纵向变化不大,因此形成高低粒径通道;空隙率分布与平均粒径分布相近;物料呈U形下降,且中间区和边壁区下移速度差异较大;气体速度呈中间区较小而边壁区较大分布。采用文丘里炉型后,料层沿纵向的粒径分布被打乱,在炉腔中上部,平均粒径呈中间区较大而边壁区较小分布,炉腔下部则相反,整体料层平均粒径从8.3 mm降至7.7 mm,且平均粒径标准差从1.3 mm降至0.7 mm,料层粒径分布波动性更小,相对更加均匀;空隙率分布与平均粒径相反,呈中间区较小而边壁区较大分布,且空隙率范围从0.355~0.392增加至0.363~0.395,空隙率标准差从0.016~0.022降低至0.0135~0.0185,料层空隙率及其分布的均匀性均得以提高;烧结矿排出炉腔时间从300 s降至200 s,中间区和边壁区下移速度差异缩小,整体流系数IMF(mass flow index)从0.60提高至0.76,物料流动均匀性得到改善;气体速度在边壁区较小而在中间区较大,其值从7.5~18.6 m/s增加至8.5~19.3 m/s,其标准差从0.45~2.52 m/s下降至为0.40~1.12 m/s,这有利于缓解边壁效应,增加气体速度分布的均匀性。后续可继续研究文丘里炉型对气固换热的影响,以进一步确定文丘里炉型对烧结矿竖冷炉的改善作用。In order to study the effect of furnace structure on the gas-solid flow in the sinter vertical cooling furnace,a sinter vertical cooling experimental device was built based on the single bin of the Meishan Steel vertical cooling furnace,with a ratio of 10∶1.At the same time,a Venturi furnace was designed.The experiment was conducted from the perspectives of average particle size distribution,voidage distribution,flow pattern distribution,and airflow distribution in the sinter bed.The results show that using the existing furnace type,the average particle size is smaller near the discharge point,while larger in the sidewall and middle areas,and there is little variation along the longitudinal direction,thus forming high and low particle size channels.The distribution of voidage is similar to that of average particle size.The sinter shows a U-shaped descent,and there is a significant difference in the downward movement speed between the middle area and the side wall area.The gas velocity distribution is smaller in the middle area and larger in the sidewall area.After adopting the Venturi furnace type,the particle size distribution along the longitudinal direction is disrupted.In the upper part of the furnace chamber,the average particle size is larger in the middle area and smaller in the sidewall area,while the opposite is true in the lower part of the furnace chamber.The average particle size of the whole bed decreases from 8.3 mm to 7.7 mm,and its standard deviation decreases from 1.3 mm to 0.7 mm,which show the particle size distribution has smaller fluctuation and relatively more uniform.The distribution of voidage is opposite to the average particle size,with smaller in middle area and larger in sidewall area.The range of voidage increases from 0.355-0.392 to 0.363-0.395,and its standard deviation decreases from 0.016-0.022 to 0.0135-0.0185.The uniformity of voidage and its distribution are both improved.The discharge time of sinter from the furnace chamber is reduced from 300 s to 200 s,and the difference i

关 键 词：烧结矿 竖冷 偏析 空隙率 气流分布 布料方式 布风方式 粒度组成 

分 类 号：TF046.4[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]