以能源节约集约利用促进高质量发展——基于生产网络模型的重点节能增产行业选择  

Promoting High-quality Development through Energy Conservation and Intensive Utilization:The Selection of Key Energy-saving and Production-increasing Industries Based on Production Network Model

作　　者：傅春杨 于也雯 龚六堂[3,4] Fu Chunyang;Yu Yewen;Gong Liutang(School of Economics,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences;School of Economics,Beijing Technology and Business University;Institute for Advanced Study,Wuhan University;Key Laboratory of Mathematical Economics and Quantitative Finance(Peking University),Ministry of Education)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学经济学院 [2]北京工商大学经济学院 [3]武汉大学高级研究中心 [4]北京大学数量经济与数理金融教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《管理世界》2025年第2期21-39,共19页Journal of Management World

基　　金：北京市教育委员会社科计划一般项目“‘双碳’目标下北京国际消费中心城市建设路径研究”(基金号:SM202310011008);国家社会科学基金重大项目“碳中和与稳增长协同推进机制及实现路径研究”(基金号:22&ZD057)的资助。

摘　　要：高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务,必须统筹好质的有效提升和量的合理增长,加强能源节约集约利用是促进高质量发展的有益抓手。本文构建了包含能源技术效率的生产网络模型,分析了生产端的能源技术效率提升对能源总消费和经济总产出的影响,识别出节能增产目标下的重点行业。研究发现,最终消费以及冶金制造、能源、交通运输、建筑和现代制造5个生产行业是新发展阶段节能增产的重点,且用发展的眼光来看,最终消费和建筑业的重要性愈发突出。本文将能源技术效率提升的节能效应分解为效率效应、结构效应和规模效应,其中,效率效应是减缓我国能源总消费增长的最重要因素。本文考虑了不同中间品投入之间、中间品投入和劳动投入之间的替代关系及其行业异质性,并估计了中国不同行业的替代弹性,提高了节能效应测算的准确性。聚焦重点生产行业和最终消费的节能增产,全面促进消费绿色低碳转型,扎实推进建筑领域清洁低碳发展,是实现高质量发展的重要抓手。政策制定还应充分考虑三大效应的行业异质性以及要素替代关系的影响,并加强市场化政策工具的组合运用。High-quality development is the primary task in comprehensively building a modern socialist country,and it is essential to coordinate the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity.Strengthening the conservation and intensive use of energy is a beneficial approach to promoting high-quality development.This paper constructs a production network model that includes energy technology efficiency.Based on the model,this paper analyzes the impact of energy technology efficiency improvements in different industries and final consumption on total energy consumption and total economic output,and identifies key industries under the goal of energy-saving and production-increasing.This paper finds that in the new development stage,final consumption and five production industries—metallurgical manufacturing,energy,transportation,construction,and modern manufacturing—are the focus of energy-saving and production-increasing.From a developmental perspective,the importance of final consumption and the construction industry is becoming increasingly prominent.This paper decomposes the energy-saving effect of energy technology efficiency improvement into efficiency effect,structural effect,and scale effect.The efficiency effect is the most important factor in slowing down the growth of China's total energy consumption.This paper considers the substitution relationship between different intermediate inputs,intermediate inputs and labor inputs,and their industry heterogeneity,and estimates the substitution elasticity of different industries in China,improving the accuracy of energy-saving effect measurement.Focusing on key production industries and final consumption to energy-saving and production-increasing,comprehensively promoting the green and lowcarbon transformation of consumption,and solidly advancing the clean and low-carbon development in the construction field are important means to achieve high-quality development.Policy formulation should also fully consider the industry heterogeneity of the

关 键 词：高质量发展 能源节约集约利用 生产网络 

分 类 号：F206[经济管理—国民经济]