高压气动远控双胶塞水泥头研制与应用  

Development and application of HP pneumatically remote-controlled dual-plug cementing head

作　　者：赵常青 谢磊 张皓月 ZHAO Changqing;XIE Lei;ZHANG Haoyue(Downhole Service Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Chengdu,Sichuan 610052,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司井下作业公司,四川成都610052

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2025年第1期97-106,共10页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司基金项目(编号:CQ2024B-5-Z4-3、CQ2023B-10-1-3)。

摘　　要：四川盆地南部地区深层页岩气井固井作业中施工压力高(60~80 MPa),井口固井水泥头的操作难度和安全风险较大。为此,研制了一套与常规水泥头结构、工作原理完全不同的?139.7 mm高压气动有线远程控制双胶塞水泥头(工作压力为90MPa)。该水泥头主要设计原理为:采用转动90°开关挡销机构同步控制3个流道(主流道、旁通流道、主流道与旁通流道之间流道)的开启与关闭;利用开关挡销机构90°旋转实现了流道切换和胶塞投放一次性完成;气动控制系统由气动控制箱和气动挡销总成等组成,气动控制箱一边接井队气源,另一边接水泥头;借助井场气源,通过气动控制箱控制水泥头上各个旋转阀的开关,通过操作控制箱上的手柄,完成胶塞投放、流道切换。室内测试与现场应用结果表明:(1)室内测试该水泥头各项性能良好,在带压40 MPa的条件下,转动旋塞开关2 s完成、静水压密封压力为100 MPa、强度压力达137 MPa;(2)现场应用5井次均获成功,启动控制系统到胶塞释放入井时间均不到3 s,远程距离5~20 m可调,整个施工过程连续稳定;(3)与常规水泥头相比,从注完水泥浆到开始顶替这一固井阶段节约时间4~6 min。结论认为,所研制的高压气动远控双胶塞水泥头抗压能力强,远程控制系统可靠,水泥头操作的安全性和便捷性都得到了保障,为现场固井作业自动化奠定了基础。High pressure(HP)(60-80 MPa)in cementing operation usually brings challenges and high safety risks to cementing head operation in deep shale gas wells in southern Sichuan Basin.Therefore,a HP pneumatically remote-controlled wired cementing head with dual rubber plugs(Ø139.7 mm,with working pressure of 90 MPa)is developed,which is quite different from the conventional one in structure and working principle.The new cementing head is equipped with a 90°rotating switch stop pin assembly to control three flow channels(main channel,bypass channel,and the flow channel between the main and bypass channels),achieving the switching of the channels and the release of rubber plugs in one operation.The pneumatic control system consists of a pneumatic control box and a pneumatic stop pin assembly.The pneumatic control box is connected to the gas source of well site on one side and to the cementing head on the other side.With the power of the gas source,the pneumatic control box controls the rotary valves on the cementing head,and releases rubber plugs and switches flow channels with the handles on the box.Lab test and field application provide the findings as follows.(i)The cementing head performed well during lab testing.Under a pressure of 40 MPa,the rotary plug switch was turned in 2 seconds,the hydrostatic sealing pressure was 100 MPa and the strength pressure reached 137 MPa.(ii)Successful field application in five well operations showed that the time from starting the control system to releasing the rubber plugs was less than 3 seconds,the remote distance was adjustable between 5 to 20 m,and the entire operation process was continuous and stable.(iii)Four to six minutes were saved during the cementing stage from the completion of cement slurry injection to the start of displacement process,compared to using a conventional cementing head.The conclusion suggests that the developed cementing head has strong pressure resistance and a reliable remote control system,ensuring the safety and convenience.It lays the foundation

关 键 词：固井 水泥头 远程控制 高压 气动 控制箱 

分 类 号：TE925.2[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]