当代汉语成语语义的发展变化——基于《现代汉语词典》不同版本的对比研究  

The Development and Change of the Semantics of Contemporary Chinese Idioms——A Comparative Study Based on Different Versions of Modern Chinese Dictionary

作　　者：崔新颖 Cui Xinying(Hebei University of Economics and Business)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学文化与传播学院

出　　处：《励耘语言学刊》2023年第2期26-38,共13页

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉语语文辞书释义演变研究及数据库建设”(22BYY151);河北省社科基金项目“现代汉语成语百年发展变化研究”(HB18YY013)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：当代汉语成语语义发生了多种变化。文章对《现代汉语词典》不同版本成语释义情况进行了对比考察,发现成语语义的变化包括理性意义的变化和色彩意义的变化。理性意义的变化主要体现为语义的扩大、缩小和义项的增加,色彩意义的变化主要体现为贬义色彩的增加、弱化和消失。当代汉语成语语义发展变化的原因可以总结为四个方面:一是新时期认知活跃的结果,二是效率诉求导致的字面化理解;三是社会心理、价值观念等的变化带来色彩意义的变化;四是语言规范观的变化带来的影响。The semantics of contemporary Chinese idioms have undergone many changes.This paper makes a comparative study of the interpretation of idioms in different versions of the Modern Chinese Dictionary.The semantic changes of idioms include the changes of rational meaning and color meaning.The changes in rational meaning are mainly reflected in the expansion and reduction of semantics and the increase of meanings,while the changes in color meaning are mainly reflected in the increase,weakening and disappearance of derogatory colors.The reasons for the semantic development and changes of contemporary Chinese idioms can be summarized in four aspects:firstly,the result of active cognitive activity in the new era,and secondly,the literal understanding caused by efficiency demands;Thirdly,changes in social psychology and values bring about changes in the meaning of color;The fourth is the changes brought about by the adjustment of language norms.

关 键 词：当代汉语 成语 语义 《现代汉语词典》 

分 类 号：H136.3[语言文字—汉语]