基于热流计的微弱信号检测系统  

A Weak Signal Detection System Based on Heat Flow Meter

作　　者：尚泽 张磊[1] 谭秋林[1] SHANG Ze;ZHANG Lei;TAN Qiulin(Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Devices and Systems,Ministry of Education,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051)

机构地区：[1]中北大学微纳器件与系统教育部重点实验室,太原030051

出　　处：《舰船电子工程》2025年第1期191-196,共6页Ship Electronic Engineering

摘　　要：测量热流密度这一参数时,当面对极端恶劣环境和工作空间限制的双重问题时,热流传感器不仅需要耐高温还要做到小型化设计,会导致其输出电势小,噪声大,导致被测信号的瞬态非平稳性开始凸显,信噪比降低。放大有用信号,抑制噪声可以有效提高信噪比,为此提出了一种基于高温热流传感器的微弱信号检测方法。在信号检测的过程中,通过斩波器和相敏检波器实时调制解调被测信号,降低噪声水平,提高检测精度,从而实现微弱信号的检测。经过测试表明,当测量高温环境下的热流传感器时,所设计电路具有较好的测试效果,相对误差最大仅为17μV。该研究为设计具有微弱信号检测能力的测量仪器提供了一种新的方法,也为推动高温热流传感器在需要高精度热流管理的应用场景方面发挥了重要作用。When measuring the heat flux parameter and facing the dual problems of extremely harsh environment and working space limitation,the heat flux sensor not only needs high temperature resistance but also miniaturized design,which will lead to small output potential and large noise,resulting in the transient non-stationary of the measured signal becoming prominent and the signal-to-noise ratio decreasing.Amplifying useful signal and suppressing noise can improve signal-to-noise ratio effectively.Therefore,a weak signal detection method based on high temperature heat flow sensor is proposed.In the process of signal detec⁃tion,the measured signal is modulated and demodulated by chopper and phase-sensitive detector in real time to reduce the noise level and improve the detection accuracy,so as to realize the detection of weak signal.The test results show that when measuring the heat flow sensor under high temperature environment,the designed circuit has a good test effect,and the maximum relative error is only 17μV.This study provides a new method for designing measuring instruments with weak signal detection capability,and also plays an important role in promoting high temperature heat flow sensors in application scenarios requiring high precision heat flow management.

关 键 词：高温热流传感器 微弱信号 调制解调 相敏检波 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]