不同干燥技术对西洋参片孔隙结构及人参皂苷溶出的影响  

Effects of Different Drying Techniques on the Pore Structure and Ginsenoside Solubilization of American Ginseng Slices

作　　者：王栋[1,2] 王勇 赵泽颖 赵一凡 袁越锦 WANG Dong;WANG Yong;ZHAO Zeying;ZHAO Yifan;YUAN Yuejin(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学机电工程学院,西安710021 [2]陕西农产品加工技术研究院,西安710021

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2025年第2期146-153,共8页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024NC-YBXM-193);西安市科技计划项目(24NYGG0039)。

摘　　要：探索不同干燥方式对西洋参片的微观结构特性,及孔隙结构对人参皂苷溶出的影响机制。采用冷冻干燥作为对照组,比较热风、真空及热风-真空组合干燥方式下人参皂苷的溶出量。同时,运用压汞法(MIP)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)进行微观检测。结果显示,相比于单一的干燥方式,热风-真空组合干燥方式下总皂苷残留率最小(42.19%),而热风干燥方式下孔隙率最大(10.4%),但热风-真空组合干燥总孔隙面积大于热风干燥,这表明虽然孔隙率与孔隙面积都对总皂苷残留率有一定影响,但孔隙面积的影响更为显著。因此,除冷冻干燥外,热风-真空组合干燥更适用于西洋参干燥,能有效提高西洋参皂苷溶出率。This study examines the microstructural properties of Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng slices obtained through different drying methods and investigates how pore structure affects ginsenoside dissolution.Freeze drying was used as the control group to compare the dissolution of ginsenosides under hot air,vacuum,and hot air vacuum combined drying methods.Microscopic examinations were performed using mercuric intrusion porosimetry(MIP)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results revealed that,compared to single drying methods,the saponin residue rate was lowest(42.19%)with the hot air-vacuum combination method.Although porosity was highest(10.4%)with the hot air method,the total pore area was greater with the hot air-vacuum combination.This indicates that while both porosity and pore area affect ginsenoside residue rates,pore area has a more significant impact.Therefore,in addition to freeze drying,hot air-vacuum combined drying is more effective for American ginseng,significantly enhancing ginsenoside dissolution rates.

关 键 词：热风-真空组合干燥 孔隙结构 压汞法 扫描电子显微镜 孔隙率 

分 类 号：TS225.3[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]