航运替代清洁燃料的现状与未来路径  

Current State and Future Pathways of Marine Alternative Clean Fuels

作　　者：李冠杰 吴刚[2] 张子康 阳璇 LI Guanjie;WU Gang;ZHANG Zikang;YANG Xuan(China Shipping&Sinopec Suppliers Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou 510700,China;Merchant Marine College,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化中海船舶燃料供应有限公司,广州510700 [2]上海海事大学商船学院,上海201306

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2025年第1期9-16,32,共9页Petroleum and new energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目“基于相似性理论的船舶柴油机比例模型实验关键问题研究”(52020105009);上海市科学技术委员会科技计划项目(20DZ2252300)。

摘　　要：航运业需要在2050年实现净零碳排放目标,可行的航运替代燃料的选择和使用是关键,其不仅影响全球产业链布局,也影响国家重大战略调整。综述介绍了当前重点的航运替代燃料,包括液化天然气(LNG)、氨、氢、甲醇、生物燃料等。结合重点航运替代燃料的理化特性、生产工艺、经济适用性以及在航运业中的应用,对这些替代燃料进行全面评估分析,提出未来航运业实现低碳化发展的多样化的路径预测,为国家在全球航运净零碳排放目标中提供战略依据,增强产业竞争性。The shipping industry needs to reach the goal of zero carbon emissions by 2050,and the selection and use of viable alternative fuels for shipping is the critical path that not only affects the design of the global industrial chain,but also influences the adaptation of national important strategies.This paper reviews and introduces the the current major alternative fuels for shipping including liquefied natural gas(LNG),ammonia,hydrogen,methanol and biofuels,comprehensively evaluates and analyzes these fuels by combining the physicochemical properties,production processes,economic applicability,and applications in the shipping industry,proposes a diversified way to facilitate the decarbonized development for the shipping industry in the future to provide a strategic foundation for the countries to achieve the goal of net zero carbon emissions in shipping globally and improve the competitiveness of the industry.

关 键 词：低碳 航运 清洁燃料 碳中和 碳排放 多样化 

分 类 号：TE626.2[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ517.2[化学工程]