卧式液氦储罐流体晃动动态响应特性数值模型  

Numerical Model of Dynamic Response Characteristics of Fluid Sloshing in a Horizontal Liquid Helium Tank

作　　者：张财功 张文艳 钟雪 李长俊 刘良果 彭晔 庞钰 周艾妍 ZHANG Caigong;ZHANG Wenyan;ZHONG Xu;LI Changjun;LIU Liangguo;PENG Ye;PANG Yu;ZHOU Aiyan(Institute of Gathering and Transportation Engineering Technology,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu 610000,China;School of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田分公司集输工程技术研究所,成都610000 [2]西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院,成都610500

出　　处：《油气与新能源》2025年第1期62-76,共15页Petroleum and new energy

基　　金：四川省重点研发项目“油气罐区地震诱发多灾种动态耦合演化机理与预警技术研究”(2023YFS0412)。

摘　　要：液氦储罐运行过程中,外界晃动激励引起气液界面形态及气液相间传热传质特性的改变,导致储罐内流体热力学特性的动态响应。针对液氦储罐晃动动态响应特性不明的问题,利用现有研究广泛采用的正弦晃动激励,基于Volume of Fluid(VOF)模型与用户自定义函数(UDF)建立了液氦储罐晃动动态响应数值模型。考虑储罐在初始运行30 s内加载晃动激励的初始晃动工况与储罐静置3 h后加载30 s晃动激励的偶然晃动工况,分析了储罐在初始晃动与偶然晃动工况下气液界面形态与压力响应特性的时空演化规律,讨论了两种晃动工况对升温及自增压特性的影响机制。研究表明,正弦晃动引起气液界面往复波动,界面上出现随时间增厚的混合层。偶然晃动时的相界面较初始晃动工况不规则,波动幅度更大。偶然晃动时,气液界面附近出现了较初始晃动更显著的混合层,30 s时混合层的厚度发展到约0.43 m。初始晃动导致液氦储罐蒸发强化现象,储罐自增压速率较静置工况更高。偶然晃动导致冷凝强化现象,即气相区温度、压力随时间下降,100 s时偶然晃动工况下的气相压力较静态工况低58.82 Pa,这是因为界面处的气相发生冷凝。During the operation of liquid helium tanks,the morphology of the vapor-liquid interface and the heat and mass transfer characteristics between the vapor-liquid phases change due to the external sloshing excitation,which leads to dynamic responses of the fluid thermodynamic states inside the tank.To solve the issue that the dynamic sloshing response characteristics of liquid helium tank remain unclear,the paper develops a numerical model of sloshing dynamic response based on the Volume of Fluid(VOF)model and user-defined function(UDF)and by employing the widely used sinusoidal sloshing excitation in existing research,analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution laws of the vapor-liquid interface morphology and pressure response characteristics of the tank under the considered two conditions considering the initial sloshing condition(loading sloshing excitation within 30 s of initial operation)and the accidental sloshing condition(loading sloshing excitation for 30 s after the 3 hours of static operation of the tank),and discusses the influence mechanisms of the two sloshing conditions on the heating and self-pressurization characteristics.The results show that the vapor-liquid interface fluctuates back and forth under sinusoidal sloshing excitation conditions resulting in a mixed layer that thickens over time,the phase interface is more irregular than that of the initial sloshing condition with a more significant fluctuation in the accidental sloshing condition,a more substantial mixing layer appears near the vapor-liquid interface than the initial sloshing and the thickness of the mixing layer develops to about 0.43 m at 30 s under accidental sloshing conditions,there is a phenomenon of enhanced evaporation of liquid helium under the initial sloshing condition and the self-pressurization rate of the tanks is higher than that of static conditions,the enhanced condensation phenomenon occurs under accidental sloshing conditions,with the temperature and pressure in the vapor phase decreasing over time,and the vapor pressur

关 键 词：液氦储罐 晃动动态响应 气液界面形态 压力演化 数值模型 

分 类 号：TE658[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]