贵州石漠化地区不同澳洲坚果品种叶片矿质元素含量综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of mineral elements content in leaves of different macadamia cultivars in rocky desertification area of Guizhou

作　　者：康专苗 郭广正 王代谷 何凤平 王文林 KANG Zhuanmiao;GUO Guangzheng;WANG Daigu;HE Fengping;WANG Wenlin(Institute of Subtropical Crops,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingyi,Guizhou,562400,China;Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Sciences Research Institute,Chongzuo,Guangxi,532400,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院亚热带作物研究所,贵阳550025 [2]广西南亚热带农业科学研究所,广西崇左532400

出　　处：《中国南方果树》2025年第1期77-82,87,共7页South China Fruits

基　　金：澳洲坚果新品种区域试验(2024-ZM-KBM-01);贵州省林业科研项目(黔林科合[2022]19号和[2020]03号);贵州山地澳洲坚果育种长期科研基地(2020132540)项目资助。

摘　　要：为了评价不同澳洲坚果品种叶片矿质营养元素差异,为澳洲坚果园管理及合理施肥提供参考,以贵州省石漠化地区澳洲坚果园13个品种为试材,分别测定其成熟叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁5种大中量元素及铁、锰、铜、锌、硼5种微量元素含量,并基于主成分分析、隶属函数值分析、聚类分析、逐步回归分析等方法对矿质元素特征进行综合评价。结果表明,13个澳洲坚果品种叶片中供试10种矿质营养元素含量之间存在差异,钙或氮>钾>磷或镁,锰>铁>硼或锌>铜。主成分分析将10个矿质元素分为4个主成分,累积贡献率为82.227%;通过聚类分析可将13个品种叶片的矿质营养水平划分为3类,其中,NY2和NY12,即南亚2号和南亚12号的矿质营养元素最丰富。逐步回归分析表明,磷、钾、钙是澳洲坚果叶片中关键性的大中量元素,而锰、铜、锌则是重要的微量元素,可以作为石漠化地区澳洲坚果叶片矿质营养元素丰缺的参考指标。In order to evaluate the difference of mineral nutrients in the leaves of different macadamia varieties to provide reference for the management and rational fertilization of macadamia,13 cultivars of macadamia planted in rocky desertification area were selected as test materials,and the contents of 5 macro and medium elements(N,P,K,Ca and Mg)and 5 trace elements(Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and B)in the leaves of those varieties were determined.Based on principal component analysis,membership function value analysis,cluster analysis,stepwise regression analysis and other methods,the mineral nutrition characteristics were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that there were difference among the average content of ten mineral elements in the leaves of 13 macadamia cultivars,with macro and meso elements ranking from high to low as Ca>N>K>Mg>P,and trace elements ranking as Mn>Fe>B>Zn>Cu.There were differences in the content of various mineral elements among different cultivars.The content of mineral elements in the leaves of experimental macadamia cultivars varied greatly.Principal component analysis classified 10 mineral elements into 4 principal components,with the cumulative contribution rate of 82.227%.The mineral nutrient levels of 13 cultivars could be divided into 3 categories by cluster analysis.The most abundant mineral nutrient elements macadamia cultivars planted in rocky desertification areas were Nanya No.2 and Nanya No.12.The stepwise regression analysis showed that P,K and Ca were the key macro and meso elements in macadamia leaves,while Mn,Cu and Zn were the important trace elements,which could be used as index for determination of the mineral nutrient abundance or deficiency in macadamia leaves in rocky desertification areas.

关 键 词：澳洲坚果 石漠化地区 矿质元素 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S664.9[农业科学—果树学]